Hemiagenesis of the thyroid gland and T3 hyperthyroidism

Matsumura, Luiza K.; Dib, Sérgio Atala; Russo, E. M. K.; Maciel, Rui M. B.; Chacra, Antônio Roberto

doi:10.1136/pgmj.58.678.244

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However there are several clinical conditions mimicking thyroid hemiagenesis in scintigraphic evaluation. Autonomously functioning nodules with suppressed normal thyroid tissue, primary or secondary neoplasms, infiltrative diseases such as amyloidosis, and unilateral inflammations of one lobe can mimic thyroid hemiagenesis [12,15,16,44]. In these clinical conditions functional hemiagenesis based on thyroid scan alone may be misdiagnosed as congenital hemiagenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Thyroid Hemiagenesis with Multinodular Goiter: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Karabay¹,

Çömlekçi

Canda

et al. 2003

Endocr J

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Abstract. Thyroid hemiagenesis is a very rare abnormality, in which one thyroid lobe fails to develop. Most of the patients diagnosed have an associated thyroidal disease. The true prevalence of thyroid hemiagenesis is not known, but it is estimated to be 0.02% in normal children. We report a forty-five year-old female patient with a multinodular goiter in left lobe, associated with hemiagenesis of right lobe and isthmus. CaseA 45-year-old female patient was presented with long-standing, painless, palpable left thyroid mass. She was clinically euthyroid, and had a palpable left lobe (Grade 1b) associated with probable 2 cm thyroid nodule in the lower pole of the left lobe. The rest of the physical examination was unremarkable. Her serum free T3, free T4, TSH, antithyroglobulin antibody, antimicrosomal antibody levels were 2.5 pg/ml (normal range: 2.3-4.2), 1.3 ng/ml (normal range: 0.8-1.5), 0.89 mIU/ml (normal range: 0.5-5.5), 20 IU/ml (normal range: 0-50), and 19 IU/ml (normal range: 0-50) respectively. As shown in Fig. 1, thyroid scintigraphy with Tc-99 m pertechnetate revealed the absence of right lobe and isthmus and a hypoactive nodule in the lower pole of left lobe. Ultrasonography confirmed the right lobe and the isthmus agenesis (Fig. 2). Ultrasonography revealed a left lobe (25 × 22 × 67 mm) with multiple nodules (Fig. 3). The dominant nodule was a degenerated cystic nodule in the lower pole of left lobe (20 × 22 × 25 mm). Fine needle aspiration biopsy revealed a degenerated colloidal nodule.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Such disorders are Graves' disease [9,17,18,25,29,34,36,[44][45][46][47], chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, subacute thyroiditis [24,48], nodular goiter [11,12,14,25,29,49], hyperfunctioning adenoma [10,15,45], and primary or metastatic carcinomas [6,7,11,19,23,25,26]. Hyperthyroidism was reported to be the major reason for diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Hemiagenesis with Multinodular Goiter: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Karabay¹,

Çömlekçi

Canda

et al. 2003

Endocr J

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“…Thyroid stimulating autoantibody is produced due to damage on self-tolerance towards TSHR. Furthermore, there is expansion of immune response toward endogenous thyroid antigen, that is, the thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin which consequently cause extensive lymphocytic infiltration leading to Hashimoto's thyroiditis [15]. Regulatory T cells (Treg) are a major factor in intermolecular immune response expansion, both from TSHR to TPO and Tg and alteration of hyperthyroid into Hashimoto's thyroiditis with massive thyroid lymphocytic infiltration, which causes hypothyroid state [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Hemiagenesis Associated with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Nsame

Chadli

Hallab

et al. 2013

Case Reports in Endocrinology

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Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare congenital anomaly resulting from failure of one thyroid lobe development. We report a 23-year-old female presented with Hashimoto's thyroiditis in left lobe, associated with hemiagenesis of right lobe and isthmus which was previously diagnosed as Graves' hyperthyroidism, but developed further into Hashimoto's thyroiditis after being treated with antithyroid drugs. The symptoms of hyperthyroidism in the current case led to the diagnostic confirmation by scintiscanning of an absent lobe. The antithyroid pharmacotherapy by thiamazole was used. However, due to symptoms of hypothyroidism, it was discontinued two months later, so thyroid hormone substitution was reintroduced. Antithyroid antibody studies and ultrasonography documented the presence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

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“…The reasons for nonvisualization of one thyroid lobe include neoplasm, contralateral autonomous solitary thyroid nodule that is suppressing normal tissue, inflammatory, and infiltrative diseases of the thyroid such as amyloidosis. [18] Therefore, it is reasonable to confirm scintigraphy findings with ultrasound, CT, or MRI. Ultrasonography is a better diagnostic tool as it is widely available and cost-effective with no radiation exposure to the patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of hemiagenesis of thyroid with double ectopic thyroid tissue

Velayutham

Mahadevan

Velayutham

et al. 2013

Indian J Endocr Metab

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Developmental abnormalities of the thyroid gland are very rare. The most common abnormalities include ectopic thyroid tissues that are commonly seen in lingual or sublingual location, agenesis, and hemiagenesis of the thyroid gland. These developmental defects may or may not be associated with thyroid dysfunction. Our case is an 18-year-old male who presented with swelling in the neck of 4-year duration. Clinical examination revealed an oval-shape swelling in the left side of the thyroid gland. The ultrasound and the nuclear scan report revealed the presence of thyroid hemiagenesis of the right lobe with isthmus along with double ectopic thyroid tissue at suprahyoid and infrahyoid region. His thyroid function test showed elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and normal free T4. We report a very rare case of thyroid hemiagenesis with double ectopic thyroid tissue; and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in the world literature.

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Hemiagenesis of the thyroid gland and T3 hyperthyroidism

Cited by 21 publications

References 12 publications

Thyroid Hemiagenesis with Multinodular Goiter: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Thyroid Hemiagenesis with Multinodular Goiter: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Thyroid Hemiagenesis Associated with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

A case of hemiagenesis of thyroid with double ectopic thyroid tissue

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