Hemispheric encoding/retrieval asymmetry in episodic memory: positron emission tomography findings.

Tulving, Endel; Kapur, Shitij; Craik, Fergus I. M.; Moscovitch, Morris; Houle, Sylvain

doi:10.1073/pnas.91.6.2016

Cited by 1,431 publications

(855 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The present gamma responses complement previous neuroimaging data showing the putative REMO cerebral sites at frontal and anterior cingulate areas (Lepage et al, 2000;Nyberg et al, 1996;Tulving et al, 1994). This kind of activation is also confirmed by recent studies (Rossi et al, 2001;Sandrini et al, 2004), showing that the rTMS of right DLPFC mainly impaired the retrieval of the encoded visual information.…”

Section: Hera-like Asymmetric Posterior Gamma Erssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…For the latter, the rTMS of left DLPFC temporarily disabled the encoding of complex pictures (i.e., the same material used for the current study), while the rTMS of right DLPFC mainly impaired the retrieval of the encoded visual information. These results agreed with the so-called hemispherical encoding retrieval asymmetry (HERA) theory on the functional inter-hemispherical asymmetry during the long-term memorization of episodes (Lepage et al, 2000;Nyberg et al, 1996;Tulving et al, 1994). This model is now the focus of a lively discussion based on an increasing number of imaging studies that have attempted to characterize other factors affecting both the hemispheric asymmetry and the functional neuroanatomical subdivisions of frontal activation (Habib et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Human cortical EEG rhythms during long-term episodic memory task. A high-resolution EEG study of the HERA model

Babiloni

Carducci

et al. 2004

NeuroImage

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Many recent neuroimaging studies of episodic memory have indicated an asymmetry in prefrontal involvement, with the left prefrontal cortex more involved than the right in encoding, the right more than the left in retrieval (hemispheric encoding and retrieval asymmetry, or HERA model). In this electroencephalographic (EEG) high-resolution study, we studied brain rhythmicity during a visual episodic memory (recognition) task. The theta (4-6 Hz), alpha (6-12 Hz) and gamma (28-48 Hz) oscillations were investigated during a visuospatial long-term episodic memory task including an encoding (ENC) and retrieval (RET) phases. During the ENC phase, 25 figures representing interiors of buildings ("indoor") were randomly intermingled with 25 figures representing landscapes ("landscapes"). Subject's response was given at left ("indoor") or right ("landscapes") mouse button. During the RET phase (1 h later), 25 figures representing previously presented "indoor" pictures ("tests") were randomly intermingled with 25 figures representing novel "indoor" ("distractors"). Again, a mouse response was required. Theta and alpha EEG results showed no change of frontal rhythmicity. In contrast, the HERA prediction of asymmetry was fitted only by EEG gamma responses, but only in the posterior parietal areas. The ENC phase was associated with gamma EEG oscillations over left parietal cortex. Afterward, the RET phase was associated with gamma EEG oscillations predominantly over right parietal cortex. The predicted HERA asymmetry was thus observed in an unexpected location. This discrepancy may be due to the differential sensitivity of neuroimaging methods to selected components of cognitive processing. The strict relation between gamma response and perception suggests that retrieval processes of long-term memory deeply impinged upon sensory representation of the stored material. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

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Section: Hera-like Asymmetric Posterior Gamma Erssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Human cortical EEG rhythms during long-term episodic memory task. A high-resolution EEG study of the HERA model

Babiloni

Carducci

et al. 2004

NeuroImage

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“…Moreover, other investigations have shown that the amount of activation in this region during semantic retrieval tasks predicts better subsequent episodic memory performance compared to orthographic tasks (e.g. [26,69]). Similarly, a left inferior frontal negativity has been implicated in the retrieval and selection of semantic attributes as well as episodic encoding in a recent ERP study [48].…”

Section: Individual Differences In Cognition and Brain Agingmentioning

confidence: 91%

Use it or lose it? SES mitigates age-related decline in a recency/recognition task

Czernochowski¹,

Fabiani

Friedman³

2008

Neurobiology of Aging

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An important goal of aging research is to determine factors leading to individual differences that might compensate for some of the deleterious effects of aging on cognition. To determine whether socio-economic status (SES) plays a role in mitigating age-related decrements in the recollection of contextual details, we categorized older participants into low-and high-SES groups. Event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioral data were recorded in a picture memory task involving recency and recognition judgments. Young, old-low and old-high SES groups did not differ in recognition performance. However, on recency judgments, old-low subjects performed at chance, whereas oldhigh subjects did not differ significantly from young adults. Consistent with their preserved recency performance, a long-duration frontal negativity was significantly larger for recency compared to recognition trials in the ERPs of the old-high SES group only. These data suggest that older adults with higher SES levels can use strategies to compensate for the adverse effects of aging in complex source memory tasks by recruiting additional neural resources apparently not required by the young.

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“…It seems less likely that a bi-directional modulation for consolidation occurs based solely on the presence of a semantic relationship, especially because the presence of a semantic relationship does not manifest until the presentation of the second word. Instead, we find it more likely that when episodic encoding activates the retrieval of semantic information (Nyberg et al, 1996;Prince et al, 2007;Tulving et al, 1994;Tulving & Markowitsch, 1998), it does so to varying degrees, based on the semantic associativity between the two items. Upon episodic memory retrieval, the semantic network is concurrently activated, and similar to the spreading-activation theory of semantic processing (Collins & Loftus, 1975), recall of any given word facilitates the recall of a second word to a degree proportional to the semantic relatedness between the two words.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Neuroimaging evidence supports the existence of separate but highly interconnected semantic and episodic memory systems during encoding, consolidation, and retrieval (Burianova & Grady, 2007;Cabeza & Nyberg, 2000;Lepage et al, 2000;Moscovitch et al, 2005;Prince et al, 2005Prince et al, , 2007Rajah & McIntosh, 2005;Wiggs et al, 1999). It is hypothesized that episodic encoding is critically dependent upon the integrity of the semantic memory system, because all information encoded into episodic memory first passes through and activates the semantic memory system (Nyberg et al, 1996;Prince et al, 2007;Tulving et al, 1994;Tulving & Markowitsch, 1998). Episodic memory tasks instructing subjects to elaborate on the semantic features of objects during learning result in increased encoding (Craik & Tulving, 1975;Schulman, 1971), presumably by increasing semantic retrieval beyond the baseline level normally invoked in episodic tasks without such instructions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of semantic relatedness on recall of stimuli preceding emotional oddballs

Smith

Beversdorf

2008

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Semantic and episodic memory networks function as highly interconnected systems, both relying on the hippocampal0medial temporal lobe complex (HC0MTL). Episodic memory encoding triggers the retrieval of semantic information, serving to incorporate contextual relationships between the newly acquired memory and existing semantic representations. While emotional material augments episodic memory encoding at the time of stimulus presentation, interactions between emotion and semantic memory that contribute to subsequent episodic recall are not well understood. Using a modified oddball task, we examined the modulatory effects of negative emotion on semantic interactions with episodic memory by measuring the free-recall of serially presented neutral or negative words varying in semantic relatedness. We found increased free-recall for words related to and preceding emotionally negative oddballs, suggesting that negative emotion can indirectly facilitate episodic free-recall by enhancing semantic contributions during encoding. Our findings demonstrate the ability of emotion and semantic memory to interact to mutually enhance free-recall. (JINS, 2008, 14, 620-628.)

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Hemispheric encoding/retrieval asymmetry in episodic memory: positron emission tomography findings.

Cited by 1,431 publications

References 28 publications

Human cortical EEG rhythms during long-term episodic memory task. A high-resolution EEG study of the HERA model

Human cortical EEG rhythms during long-term episodic memory task. A high-resolution EEG study of the HERA model

Use it or lose it? SES mitigates age-related decline in a recency/recognition task

Effects of semantic relatedness on recall of stimuli preceding emotional oddballs

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