Hemodilution-Induced Inhibition of Cardiovascular Responses to Some Vasoactive Agents in Anesthetized Cats.

Talwar, Anita; Hussain, M. Ejaz; Fahim, Mohammad

doi:10.2170/jjphysiol.45.423

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Other workers have shown that stroke volume and contractility are also increased 14,18,20 . In cats it appears that the primary increase in cardiac output is the result of an increase in stroke volume, which is different to what has been reported in dogs 47 . Stroke volume increases as a result of an increase in venous return indicated by a rise in central venous pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure 14,30,49 .…”

Section: Effects On Cardiorespiratory Functioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…They were able to show that cardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate increased and total peripheral vascular resistance decreased during haemodilution 47 . The increase in mean arterial blood blood pressure, heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure and left ventricular pressure rise (dP/dt) induced by adrenalin was reduced during haemodilution 47 . Haemodilution also decreased the cardiovascular responses to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside 47 .…”

Section: Effects On Cardiorespiratory Functionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Effects On Cardiorespiratory Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Talwar et al reported on the effects of adrenalin, acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside on cats undergoing haemodilution to a haematocrit of 14 % (Hb 4.0 g/d ) 47 . They were able to show that cardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate increased and total peripheral vascular resistance decreased during haemodilution 47 . The increase in mean arterial blood blood pressure, heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure and left ventricular pressure rise (dP/dt) induced by adrenalin was reduced during haemodilution 47 .…”

Section: Effects On Cardiorespiratory Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute normovolaemic haemodilution - is it a solution to reduce perioperative blood transfusions? : review article

Joubert¹

2007

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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Haemodilution is a technique used to reduce perioperative homologous blood transfusions. Haemodilution is a poorly investigated technique in veterinary medicine. This article reviews haemodilution as a potential technique to reduce perioperative homologous blood transfusions. The history of haemodilution is briefly reviewed followed by the mathematical basis to haemodilution. The issue of critical oxygen delivery and its implications for haemodilution are discussed. The effects of haemodilution on the patient, including the effects on oxygen transport, blood flow and coagulation are discussed as well as the use of colloids, fluids and blood components in haemodilution. The success and failure of haemodilution in human clinical trials and experimental evidence is discussed. Some guidelines are given for the use of haemodilution in small animal patients in the perioperative setting. It appears in all likelihood that haemodilution has a limited application in cats and other small patients. Haemodilution is most beneficial when the initial haematocrit is high, a low haemodiluted haematocrit is achieved, the patients circulating volume is large and a large amount of blood was lost. It is important to avoid haemoconcentration during surgery as this increases red blood cell loss. Haemodilution is not a substitute for poor surgical technique and inadequate haemostasis intra-operatively. Intravascular volume should be maintained throughout the procedure

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Section: Effects On Cardiorespiratory Functioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Section: Effects On Cardiorespiratory Functionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Effects On Cardiorespiratory Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects On Cardiorespiratory Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Acute normovolaemic haemodilution - is it a solution to reduce perioperative blood transfusions? : review article

Joubert¹

2007

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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“…The increase in HR during acute anaemia is well documented [23][24][25] and is mediated mainly by the autonomic nervous system through the parasympathetic withdrawal 23,24 .…”

Section: Cardiovascular Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of acute normovolemic haemodilution on cardiorespiratory changes in hyperthermia and its physical treatment

Brozmanova

Žila

Javorka

et al. 2004

International Journal of Hyperthermia

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As only one experimental study examining the effects of haemodilution on circulatory responses to hyperthermia has so far been published and there is no information on respiratory responses to hyperthermia during haemodilution or anaemia, this paper studied the effects of acute normovolemic haemodilution on cardiorespiratory changes during 42 degrees C hyperthermia and its recovery by body surface cooling in 16 anaesthetized adult rabbits. The animals were divided into two groups: haemodiluted group (Hct = 18.6 +/- 0.4%) and control group (Hct = 41.1 +/- 0.9%). In the haemodiluted group, acute normovolemic haemodilution was induced by 60% replacement of total blood volume with dextran. Haemodilution produced significant increases in minute volume (V(E), p < 0.02), heart rate (HR, p < 0.02) and central venous pressure (CVP, p < 0.02), but there was no significant change in mean arterial pressure (MAP). Hyperthermia caused significant increases in V(E) and HR in both the groups; however, V(E) and HR values were significantly higher in the haemodiluted group compared to the controls. CVP decreased (p < 0.05) during 42 degrees C hyperthermia only in the controls in the panting phase. MAP did not significantly change during over-heating in controls, but it significantly (p < 0.02) rose in the haemodiluted group. In the recovery phase, cooling led to significant decreases in HR and MAP in both the groups and to further increases in V(E) (p < 0.05) in controls, whereas V(E) decreased in the haemodiluted animals. There were found no significant cardiorespiratory differences between the two groups during cooling. Hyperthermia was accompanied by the higher values of minute volume and heart rate in the haemodiluted animals, indicating a greater activation of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, which could result in diminished functional cardiorespiratory reserve and a higher risk of respiratory and circulatory failures in haemodiluted/anaemic animals during hyperthermia. In the phase of recovery of the body temperature there were no significant cardiorespiratory differences found between the two groups.

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Detrimental effect of hypothermia during acute normovolaemic haemodilution in anaesthetized cats

Talwar

Fahim

1998

International Journal of Biometeorology

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Haemodynamic responses to hypothermia were studied at normal haematocrit and following the induction of acute normovolaemic haemodilution. Experiments were performed on 20 cats anaesthetized with a mixture of chloralose and urethane in two groups. In one group (n = 10) the effects of hypothermia on various haemodynamic variables were studied at normal haematocrit (41.0 +/- 1.7%) and in the second group of cats (n = 10) the effects of hypothermia on various haemodynamic variables were studied after the induction of acute normovolaemic haemodilution (14.0 +/- 1.0%). The haemodynamic variables left ventricular pressure, left ventricular contractility, arterial blood pressure, heart rate and right atrial pressure were recorded on a polygraph. Cardiac output was measured using a cardiac output computer. In both groups hypothermia was induced by surface cooling with the help of ice. Cardiovascular variables were recorded at each 1 degree C fall in body temperature. Hypothermia produced a significant (P < 0.05) drop in heart rate, cardiac output, arterial blood pressure and left ventricular contractility in both groups. However, the percentage decrease in these variables in response to hypothermia was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in cats with low haematocrit than in those with normal haematocrit. The severity of hypothermia--induced cardiovascular effects is evident from the drastic decrease in heart rate, cardiac output, arterial blood pressure and myocardial contractility in cats with low haematocrit, indicating a higher risk of circulatory failure under anaemic conditions at low temperatures.

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Hemodilution-Induced Inhibition of Cardiovascular Responses to Some Vasoactive Agents in Anesthetized Cats.

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Acute normovolaemic haemodilution - is it a solution to reduce perioperative blood transfusions? : review article

Acute normovolaemic haemodilution - is it a solution to reduce perioperative blood transfusions? : review article

Effects of acute normovolemic haemodilution on cardiorespiratory changes in hyperthermia and its physical treatment

Detrimental effect of hypothermia during acute normovolaemic haemodilution in anaesthetized cats

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