Hemodynamic Effects of Neosynephrine

Horvath, Steven M.; Knapp, Doris W.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1954.178.3.387

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…None had other respiratory disease or overt heart disease. In view of the theoretical possibility of adrenaline acutely increasing cardiac work and of phenylephrine increasing pulmonary vascular resistance (Horvath and Knapp, 1954;Aviado and Schmidt, 1957), an electrocardiogram and a chest radiograph were taken before the investigation and patients excluded if there was any evidence of pulmonary hypertension or cardiac ischaemia. Sputum was mucoid on entry, and oxytetracycline was administered routinely over the three days of the investigation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Salbutamol and Isoprenaline Phenylephrine in Reversible Airways Obstruction

Alliott¹,

Lang²,

Rawson³

et al. 1972

BMJ

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S39 examination showed delayed gastric emptying with a lesser curve gastric ulcer. Acid secretory studies showed no response to insulin, indicating a complete vagotomy. At reoperation, eight months after the first operation, a lesser curve gastric ulcer was present but no duodenal ulcer. He is now well after antrectomy.Case 3.-An insulin test was negative three months after vagotomy in a man aged 37. After one year he developed epigastric pain and vomiting and barium meal examination showed a lesser curve gastric ulcer with normal gastric emptying. The ulcer was confirmed by gastroscopy. Conservative treatment of the ulcer was undertaken and further gastroscopy showed that the ulcer was healing. Fourteen months after the operation and two months after the development of a gastric ulcer a barium meal examination showed an apparently normal stomach which still emptied normally. He was then symptom-free. DiscussionThe idea of treating patients with duodenal ulceration by vagotomy without a drainage operation is attractive and has been the goal of many surgeons. Dragstedt and Owens (1943) Jrournal, 1972, 1, 539-542 Summary Ventolin (salbutamol) and Medihaler-Duo (isoprenaline/ phenylephrine combination) standard pressurized inhalers were used to administer doses of two or six "puffs" to 16 patients with known reversible airways obstruction.The doses were administered in random order over two days. Both the Ventolin and Medihaler-Duo inhalers substantially increased FEV1, but in the doses used salbutamol was more effective than isoprenaline/phenylephrine (P < 001). There was no significant difference between two and six puffs of salbutamol, though there seemed to be an advantage of six puffs of isoprenaline/ phenylephrine over two puffs (P < 0 05). Adrenaline (1/1,000) 0 5 ml and atropine 0 6 mg produced similar increases in FEV1 to those produced by salbutamol.County Hospital, Hereford R.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Salbutamol and Isoprenaline Phenylephrine in Reversible Airways Obstruction

Alliott¹,

Lang²,

Rawson³

et al. 1972

BMJ

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Pharmacokinetics of3H-phenylephrine in man

Hengstmann

Goronzy

1982

Eur J Clin Pharmacol

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7-3H-phenylephrine was given to 15 volunteers by a short-infusion n = 4) or p.o. (10 volunteers, 1 patient with porto-caval anastomosis). Analysis of serum for free 3H-phenylephrine and fractionation of urinary radioactivity was performed by ion-exchange and thin-layer chromatography. As almost the same 3H-activity was excreted in urine after i.v. and p.o. administration, 86% and 80% of the dose respectively, complete enteral absorption can be assumed. A considerable difference was seen in the fraction of free phenylephrine, i.v. 16% of the dose versus p.o. 2.6%, which suggested reduced bioavailability. This was confirmed by comparison of the areas under the serum curve, which showed a bioavailability factor of 0.38. The result for the patient with porto-caval anastomosis was comparable to that in the normal volunteers. The biological half-life of 2 to 3h was comparable to that of structurally related amines, as were the total clearance of 2 l/h, and the volume of distribution of 340 l. Metabolism to phenolic conjugates mainly after oral ingestion, and to m-hydroxymandelic acid after i.v. injection, again demonstrated that m-hydroxylated amines are predominantly conjugated during the "first-pass" metabolism.

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Non-Prescription Sympathomimetic Agents and Hypertension

Chua

Benrimoj

1988

Medical Toxicology

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In recent years, considerable attention has been focused on the pressor effects of nonprescription sympathomimetic agents. The impact and usage of these agents especially ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine and phenylephrine, in hypertensive patients has been the topic of constant debates. The present review is an attempt to report and evaluate all the clinical trials and cases of pressor reactions associated with these 4 agents. The study protocols used in these clinical trials are examined and comments made on any diversion from the standard design. Many factors are found to cause the discrepancies in the data available. It is concluded that ephedrine and phenylpropanolamine are best avoided by hypertensive patients due to higher probability of causing pressor reactions. Data on pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine appear to indicate non-significant effects on blood pressure of normotensive subjects when used at the recommended oral dose as nasal decongestants. Phenylephrine is also commonly employed in nasal and eye drops and the limited data available appear to support its usage in hypertensive patients. However, it is noted that most of the clinical trials involve normotensive subjects and the majority of the results could not be verified due to inadequacies in the study design. This paucity and inconclusive information on hypertensive patients warrants further investigations with emphasis on the study protocols used.

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Hemodynamic Effects of Neosynephrine

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Salbutamol and Isoprenaline Phenylephrine in Reversible Airways Obstruction

Effects of Salbutamol and Isoprenaline Phenylephrine in Reversible Airways Obstruction

Pharmacokinetics of3H-phenylephrine in man

Non-Prescription Sympathomimetic Agents and Hypertension

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