Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn Caused by Anti-Group A IgG From a Group B Mother

Wang, Ruyao; Li, Yang; Tong, Yingna; N, Su

doi:10.1097/mph.0000000000001948

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Moreover, a high titer of IgG anti-A or anti-B in non O blood group mothers can even result in severe HDN, often necessitating phototherapy and IVIg. 10 11 A maternal titer of 128 to 256 have odds of developing ABO HDN is more than two times as compared with a titer of 64 or less. Besides a titer of more than 512 is associated with invasive treatment for ABO HDN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemolytic Disease of Newborn due to ABO Incompatibility between B Blood Group Mother and A Blood Group Neonate

et al. 2022

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ABO incompatibility between O blood group mother and non–O blood group neonate is common. It rarely causes anemia and hyperbilirubinemia in neonate, requiring invasive management. Direct antiglobulin test may be positive in these cases with immunoglobulin (Ig)-G antibody specificity. There are few cases of hemolytic disease of newborn due to ABO incompatibility between mother and newborn with non ̶ O blood group mother. After obtaining consent from the patient, we reported a case of incompatibility in a B blood group mother and A blood group neonate, and it was managed with phototherapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemolytic Disease of Newborn due to ABO Incompatibility between B Blood Group Mother and A Blood Group Neonate

et al. 2022

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“…Irregular antibody screening was only done once, as it is effective throughout the pregnancy. Prepare 10 dry test tubes labeled 1:2 [1], 1:4 [2], 1:8 [3], 1:16 [4], 1:32 [5], 1:64 [6], 1:128 [7], 1:256 [8], 1:512 [9], 1:1,024 [10], and add 0.1 mL of normal saline to each tube. Add 0.1 mL of the treated serum to the first tube and mix well, then remove 0.1 mL of the diluted serum from the first tube and add it to the second tube, and so on, and discard the last 0.1 mL when double diluted to the 10th tube.…”

Section: Detection Of Blood Group Antibody Titer In Pregnant Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maternal antibodies attack the fetal red blood cells (RBCs) after sensitization. Hemolysis can be alleviated or suppressed by preventing the continuous formation of immune complexes (8)(9)(10). C1q in C3 complement also plays an important role in this reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of IgG antibody titer and subtype in diagnosis and severity assessment of hemolytic disease of the newborn

Ding¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

2022

Transl Pediatr

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Background:To analyze the effect of different times of pregnancy of type O pregnant women on the occurrence of ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (ABO-HDN).Methods: From December 2018 to December 2021, 725 pregnant women with O blood group (husbands with non-O blood group) who met the inclusion criteria were collected. There were 116 cases of ABO-HDN, which were summarized and analyzed. The pregnant women were divided into primigravida and non-primigravida groups. The influence of the number of pregnancies on the occurrence of ABO-HDN was compared, and the antibody titer of pregnant women with type O blood was monitored. The relationship between antibody titer and HDN in pregnant women was analyzed by hemolysis test and indirect bilirubin concentration.Results: In the primigravida group, 0 patients with HDN had a titer ≤1:64, 8 (8/26) had a titer of 1:128, 9 (9/20) had a titer of 1:256, 2 (2/4) had a titer of 1:512, and 2 (2/3) had a titer >1:512. In the nonprimigravida group, there were 0 cases with a titer ≤1:64, 32 cases (32/78) with a titer of 1:128, and 26 cases (26/46) with a titer of 1:256. The number of cases of ABO incompatibility in maternal and infant groups with different titers of IgG anti-A (B) antibody were 377 cases in the <1:64 group, 130 cases in the 1:64 group, 104 cases in the 1:128 group, 66 cases in the 1:256 group, 32 cases in the 1:512 group, and 45 cases in the >1:512 group. The positive rates of ABO-HDN were 0.0% (0/0), 0.0% (0/0), 38.5% (40/104), 53.0% (35/66), 81.3% (26/32) and 93.8% (15/16), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions:The occurrence of ABO-HDN was not significantly related to the blood type of the pregnant woman's husband. Therefore, in order to reduce the degree of hemolysis and avoid the occurrence of bilirubin encephalopathy or even death, pregnant women with antibody titer >1:64 in second or subsequent pregnancies should be closely monitored.

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“…As a result, HDN is likely to occur in the second and the subsequent pregnancies, even after a miscarriage or abortion. 8…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maternal antibodies reach the fetus when IgG antibodies, following antibody isotype switching, cross the placenta and enter the fetal circulation or through FMH. 2,8 A 2017 review by Ree et al stated a global shift in HDN from 1% with a death rate of 50% before introducing Rh-immunoprophylaxis in 1968 to 0.5% after its introduction. The incidences decreased further to 0.1% with the introduction of antepartum Rh D immunoprophylaxis in 1970.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn: A Review of Current Trends and Prospects

Myle¹,

Al-Khattabi

2021

PHMT

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Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), also known as Erythroblastosis fetalis, is a hemolytic condition that predominantly affects rhesus-positive fetuses and infants born to rhesus-negative mothers. The pathophysiology of HDN begins with maternal antibodies attacking fetal red blood cells following alloimmunization due to rhesus or ABO incompatibility between the maternal and fetal blood. Previously, HDN was known to cause fetal death in 1% of all pregnancies, but with the advent of immunoprophylactic therapies, the condition can be currently fairly well managed with fewer complications if diagnosed early. Diagnosis calls for extensive history taking, physical examination, serological studies, and imaging modalities such as pelvic ultrasound scans. To prevent the disease, earlier intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) should be given to pregnant Rh-women who have not been sensitized. It is also vital to understand prospective complications such as severe hyperbilirubinemia and develop appropriate remedies. Because of its great incidence and nature, HDN has been thoroughly explored, and more studies are being conducted each year, revealing new insights about the condition. This review covers the disorder's etiology, diagnosis, and management, including the most current findings as of 2021, as well as trends and prospects, to help in future research and evidence-based medical practice.

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Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn Caused by Anti-Group A IgG From a Group B Mother

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Hemolytic Disease of Newborn due to ABO Incompatibility between B Blood Group Mother and A Blood Group Neonate

Hemolytic Disease of Newborn due to ABO Incompatibility between B Blood Group Mother and A Blood Group Neonate

Application of IgG antibody titer and subtype in diagnosis and severity assessment of hemolytic disease of the newborn

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn: A Review of Current Trends and Prospects

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