Hemostatic abnormalities in dogs with carcinoma: A thromboelastographic characterization of hypercoagulability

Saavedra, Paulo Vilar; García, Ana Lara; López, Sara Zaldívar; Couto, Guillermo

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.02.025

Cited by 51 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In female dogs with breast tumors, the results were similar to those of previous studies on animals with carcinoma (Saavedra et al 2011) and when associated with tumor progression in animals with different types of tumors (Andreasen et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…These findings may be explained by the fact that this protein increases its biosynthesis because of inflammation, stress, or infection secondary to acute-phase response and to disseminated malignancy (Herring & McMichael 2012), due to the tissue damage caused by infiltrative tumor growth (Kies et al 1980). In animals with cancer, high fibrinogen levels may be attributed to the inflammatory process with secretion of IL-6 (Saavedra et al 2011). However, the association with progression of the breast tumor is important and commands attention as, in another study, hyperfibrinogenemia was associated with hypercoagulability syndromes (Saavedra et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In animals with cancer, high fibrinogen levels may be attributed to the inflammatory process with secretion of IL-6 (Saavedra et al 2011). However, the association with progression of the breast tumor is important and commands attention as, in another study, hyperfibrinogenemia was associated with hypercoagulability syndromes (Saavedra et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In dogs, studies have given contradictory results, although it is a common finding (Hammer 1991), observed in 33.3% of sampled animals. Despite the fact that its mechanism is not well--known in veterinary medicine, it has been suggested that epinephrine-induced splenic contraction and the release of pro-angiogenic tumor proteins and inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1 and IL-6) or hematopoietic growth factors (Saavedra et al 2011, Childress 2012 secreted or induced by the tumor may contribute to thrombocytosis. The result obtained may indicate that the actual incidence of thrombocytosis in animals with cancer is underestimated (Childress 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paraneoplastic hematological, biochemical, and hemostatic abnormalities in female dogs with mammary neoplasms

et al. 2017

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RESUMO.-[Anormalidades hematológicas, bioquímicas e hemostáticas de origem paraneoplásica em fêmeas caninas com neoplasia mamária.] Alterações laboratoriais de origem paraneoplásica são identificadas em diversos tipos de câncer de cães e gatos. Na medicina veteriná-ria, existem poucos estudos que correlacionam os achados laboratoriais anormais com o tipo e estadiamento tumorais, principalmente em cadelas com neoplasia mamária. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as alterações hematológi-cas, bioquímicas e hemostáticas em cadelas com neoplasia mamária e relacioná-las com o estadiamento tumoral. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 24 fêmeas caninas, e os parâmetros hematológicos, bioquímicos e hemostáticos obtidos foram relacionados com o estadiamento tumoral, realizado através do exame físico, exames de imagem e avaliação histopatológica após remoção cirúrgica. Os grupos foram organizados de acordo com o estadiamento tumoral em: Grupo 1 (estádios I e II), grupo 2 (estádio III) e grupo 3 (estádios IV e V). Observou-se anemia, leucocitose neutrofílica, monocitose, eosinofilia, trombocitose, hipoalbuminemia, hipocalcemia, hipoglicemia e diminuição de ureia sanguínea. As variáveis CHCM, PPT e RDW foram relacionadas com o estadiamento tumoral, porém sem relevância clínica. Nos testes de coagulação, o TT e o fibrinogênio apresentaram diferença significativa entre os grupos, sendo associado com estadiamento tumoral. Os resultados sugerem in- Paraneoplastic laboratory abnormalities are identified in several types of cancers in dogs and cats. In veterinary medicine, particularly in mammary cancer, there are few studies that correlate abnormal laboratory findings with tumor type and staging. The aim of this study was to evaluate hematological, biochemical, and hemostatic abnormalities and correlate them with mammary tumor staging in female dogs with mammary cancer. Blood samples from 24 female dogs were evaluated, and the hematological, biochemical, and hemostatic parameters were correlated with tumor staging obtained by physical examination, imaging exams, and histopathological surgical biopsies. The groups were organized according to tumor staging: group 1 (stages I and II), group 2 (stage III), and group 3 (stages IV and V). Anemia, neutrophilic leukocytosis, monocytosis, eosinophilia, thrombocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, hypocalcemia, hypoglycemia, and low blood urea were observed. The variables MCHC, TPP, and RDW were correlated with tumor staging with no clinical relevance. Thrombin time and fibrinogen were significant between the groups in the coagulation test, being associated with tumor staging. The findings suggest influence of the proinflammatory cytokines released during tumor growth.INDEX TERMS: Hyperfibrinogenemia, mammary tumor staging, paraneoplastic syndromes, laboratory parameters.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paraneoplastic hematological, biochemical, and hemostatic abnormalities in female dogs with mammary neoplasms

et al. 2017

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“…Another, more recent study, found abnormalities in 67% of 60 female dogs with mammary carcinoma, with the frequency and likelihood increasing for stage III and IV disease [14]. In a recent study hypercoagulability, thrombocytosis and increased fibrinogen was the most common finding in a population of 32 canine carcinoma patients compared to 19 healthy controls, though no association between haemostatic changes and presence of metastatic disease could be made [15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemostatic alterations in a group of canine cancer patients are associated with cancer type and disease progression

et al. 2012

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BackgroundHaemostatic alterations are commonly detected in human and canine cancer patients. Previous studies have described haemostatic dysfunction in canine patients with haemangiosarcomas and carcinomas, and haemostasis has been assessed in dogs with various malignant and benign neoplasias. Few studies have addressed the effect of cancer type and progression of disease on the presence of haemostatic alterations in canine patients. The objective of the present study was to evaluate haemostatic variables of coagulation and fibrinolysis in a group of canine cancer patients, and to compare haemostatic changes to the cancer type and progression of disease.MethodsThe study population consisted of 71 dogs with malignant neoplasia presented to the University Hospital for Companion Animals, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. The study was designed as a prospective observational study evaluating the haemostatic function in canine cancer patients stratified according to type of cancer disease and disease progression. The coagulation response was evaluated by thromboelastrography (TEG), platelet count, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothombin time (PT), fibrinogen and antithrombin (AT); and fibrinolysis by d-dimer and plasminogen.ResultsHypercoagulability was the most common haemostatic dysfunction found. Non mammary carcinomas had increased clot strength (TEG G), aPTT and fibrinogen compared to the other groups. When stratifying the patients according to disease progression dogs with distant metastatic disease exhibited significantly increased fibrinogen, and d-dimer compared to dogs with local invasive and local non-invasive cancers.ConclusionHypercoagulability was confirmed as the most common haemostatic abnormality in canine cancer patients and haemostatic dysfunction in canine cancer patients was found related to the cancer type and progression of disease. Increase in TEG G, aPTT and fibrinogen were observed in non-mammary carcinomas and were speculated to overall represent a proinflammatory response associated with the disease. Dogs with distant metastatic disease exhibited increased fibrinogen and d-dimer. Future studies are needed to elucidate the clinical importance of these results.

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Laboratory Testing of Coagulation Disorders

Brooks¹

2022

Schalm's Veterinary Hematology

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Hemostatic abnormalities in dogs with carcinoma: A thromboelastographic characterization of hypercoagulability

Cited by 51 publications

References 41 publications

Paraneoplastic hematological, biochemical, and hemostatic abnormalities in female dogs with mammary neoplasms

Paraneoplastic hematological, biochemical, and hemostatic abnormalities in female dogs with mammary neoplasms

Haemostatic alterations in a group of canine cancer patients are associated with cancer type and disease progression

Laboratory Testing of Coagulation Disorders

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