Heparin-Released Plasma Lipases in Chronic Renal Failure and after Renal Transplantation

Abstract

1. Post-heparin plasma from normal subjects, patients with chronic renal failure and recipients of renal allografts were subjected to affinity chromatography on heparin—agarose (Sepharose 4B) columns to separate two fractions representing hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase respectively. 2. The optimum conditions for assay of each fraction were determined for both normal and uraemic plasma. 3. Normal males had activities of hepatic lipase which were higher, and activities of lipoprotein lipase which were lower, than normal females. There was no consistent relationship to age for either enzyme. 4. Thirty patients with chronic renal failure untreated by dialysis had significantly elevated serum triacylglycerol concentrations, and significantly lowered lipoprotein lipase activities when compared with control groups with similar ages for each sex. However, only in uraemic males was hepatic lipase activity significantly reduced. 5. In a study of female patients with chronic renal failure, there were no significant differences in activities of hepatic lipase or lipoprotein lipase or concentrations of serum triacylglycerols between eight patients receiving dialysis treatment and eight untreated by dialysis. 6. Although serum triacylglycerol concentrations were raised in the group of 15 renal transplant recipients, lipase activities were not diminished. The only significant change was elevation of hepatic lipase activity in female graft recipients. 7. No relationship was found between the enzyme activities and fasting serum triacylglycerol concentrations in any group. However, there was a weak inverse correlation between serum creatinine and hepatic lipase in female patients from both renal failure and transplant groups. 8. Similar results were obtained when the enzymes were assayed with, as substrate, a laboratory-prepared emulsion of 14C-labelled triolein in water with soya-bean lecithin as emulsifier, or commercially prepared soya-bean oil in water, emulsified with egg-yolk lecithin and containing glycerol (Intralipid).

Apolipoproteins C-I and C-III Inhibit Lipoprotein Lipase Activity by Displacement of the Enzyme from Lipid Droplets

“…Interestingly, patients with renal insufficiency have high plasma levels of both apoC-III and angptl4 (69,70). These patients are known to have low levels of LPL activity in post-heparin plasma, elevated levels of plasma triglycerides, and increased risk for cardiovascular complications (71,72). Our present results can possibly contribute to an explanation for the hypertriglyceridemia associated with kidney disease.…”

The Activity of Hepatic Lipase and Lipoprotein Lipase in Glycogen Storage Disease: Evidence for a Circulating Inhibitor of Postheparin Lipolytic Activity

“…In both conditions, decreased catabolism of the triglyceride-rich lipoproteins may be involved. Reduced activities of lipoprotein lipase (5) and hepatic lipase (22) have been reported in renal disease and Staprans et a/. (27) and Crawford et a/.…”

High density lipoprotein turnover in patients with hypertension.

“…For example, lipoprotein lipase activity is decreased in patients with chronic renal failure. 55 - 56 In addition, there is also evidence that patients with chronic renal failure have a factor in their plasma that inhibits lipoprotein lipase activity. 57 Thus, several possible mechanisms could result in abnormal VLDL-triglyceride hydrolysis and HDL metabolism, consistent with the close link observed between VLDL and HDL metabolism seen in other groups of patients.…”