Hepatitis associated antigen and the ABO locus in Down's syndrome

Rundle, A. T.; Atkin, J; Sudell, Barbara

doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.1975.tb01946.x

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…On the other hand, among confirmed HBsAg carrier blood donors, group‐A was significantly less common in HBeAg‐positive donors than in the total carrier population, but the distribution of ABO group was similar to that of the general population . There are also other studies that found no significant differences in the ABO distribution between asymptomatic AA carriers or patients with chronic hepatitis B with controls in normal and in subjects with Down's syndrome . In this study, regression analysis confirmed that it was groups‐B and ‐AB, but not Rh D negativity, that were independently associated with increased HBV infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…While providing a selective advantage against severe malaria, the group‐O phenotype increases the severity of cholera infection and susceptibility to gastrointestinal infection by E. coli O157 and H pylori (O Le group) . For viral infections, secretors of the ABH and Le antigens have greater susceptibility to influenza viruses, rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus and echoviruses , but the relationship with HBV infection remains inconclusive . As for the Rh phenotypes, which reflect genetic drift and migration , no association with serum hepatitis was found , although in volunteer blood donors, Rh D positivity was significantly higher among HBV carriers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal ABO and rhesus blood group phenotypes and hepatitis B surface antigen carriage

Lao

Sahota

Chung

et al. 2013

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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In view of a persistently high prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriage in our obstetric population, we examined the association between HBsAg carriage with maternal ABO and rhesus (Rh) blood group phenotypes determined at routine antenatal screening. In a retrospective study, the antenatal screening results of women booked for confinement between 1998 and 2011 in our hospital were examined for the relationship between HBsAg carriage with the ABO and rhesus blood groups, taking into account also the effects of advanced maternal age (≥ 35 years) and parity status (nulliparous or multiparous), and year of birth before or following the availability of the hepatitis B vaccine (1984). HBsAg carriage was found in 9.9%, 9.6%, 9.1% and 10.2% (P = 0.037) for group-A (n = 20 581 or 26.1%), -B (n = 20 744 or 26.4%), -AB (n = 5138 or 6.5%) and -O (n = 32 242 or 41.0%) among the 78705 women in the study cohort. Rhesus negativity was found in 0.6%, and HBsAg carriage was 12.3% and 9.8%, respectively, for the Rh-negative and Rh-positive women (P = 0.071). Carriage rate between group-O and non-O was influenced by nulliparity, age ≥ 35 years and Rh-positive status. Regression analysis indicated that group-B (P = 0.044, aOR = 1.062, 95% CI 1.002-1.127) and group-AB (P = 0.016, aOR = 1.134, 95% CI 1.024-1.256) were associated with HBsAg carriage. Blood groups-B and -AB are associated with increased hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in our population, and further studies are warranted to elucidate the implications of this on the sequelae of HBV infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal ABO and rhesus blood group phenotypes and hepatitis B surface antigen carriage

Lao

Sahota

Chung

et al. 2013

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Class II cytokine receptor gene cluster is a major locus for hepatitis B persistence

Frodsham

Zhang

Dumpis

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Persistent hepatitis B virus infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma, the most frequent cancer in some developing countries. Up to 95% of those infected at birth and 15% of those infected after the neonatal period fail to clear hepatitis B virus, together resulting in Ϸ350 million persistent carriers worldwide. Via a whole genome scan in Gambian families, we have identified a major susceptibility locus as a cluster of class II cytokine receptor genes on chromosome 21q22. Coding changes in two of these genes, the type I IFN receptor gene, IFN-AR2, and the IL-10RB gene that encodes a receptor chain for IL-10-related cytokines including the IFN-s, are associated with viral clearance (haplotype P value ‫؍‬ 0.0003), and in vitro assays support functional roles for these variants in receptor signaling.complex trait ͉ IL-10 ͉ interferon ͉ susceptibility ͉ virus T here are Ϸ350 million people with persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection worldwide. Of these infected people, up to one-quarter will die from complications of the infection including cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. However, infection with HBV does not invariably lead to chronic hepatitis: When infection is acquired during childhood, as is normally the case in subSaharan Africa, up to 90% will eliminate the virus spontaneously. When infection is acquired during the early neonatal period from an HBV-infected mother, only 10% of children will eliminate the virus, but this situation, known as vertical transmission, is rare in Africa.Susceptibility to persistent infection is governed by a number of factors, in addition to the age at infection. Twin studies and limited genetic association study data indicate that host genetic background influences the outcome of infection (1). It is likely that genetic susceptibility to persistent HBV infection is polygenic, and that both MHC and non-MHC genes are involved (2).Current treatment for persistent HBV infection is partially effective, expensive, and impractical in developing countries where persistent HBV infection rates are at their highest (3). It is therefore crucial to identify factors that determine whether HBV becomes a self-limiting or persistent infection because these factors may reveal new therapeutic opportunities for patients with chronic HBV infection. This study was conducted to identify genetic determinants of persistent HBV infection by using a genomewide approach. ResultsTo search for major loci that might have some effect on viral persistence in a highly endemic area, 318 microsatellites were analyzed in 88 independent affected sibling pairs (ASPs) in 61 Gambian families. The most significant evidence of linkage was found on chromosome 21 [logarithm of odds (lod) ϭ 1.66; P ϭ 0.003] (Table 1, which is published as supporting information on the PNAS web site). This locus on chromosome 21 also showed evidence of linkage when a total of 31 markers (with SIBPAIR P value Ͻ0.1) were followed up in a further 106 independent ASPs in 74 families (D21S1252 screens 1 and 2 combined: ...

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