HEPATITIS B NOT TRANSMISSIBLE VIA FqCAL-ORAL ROUTE

Piazza, Marcello; Cacciatore, L; Molinari, V.; Picciotto, L

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(75)90802-8

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…HBsAg positive serum, when diluted with HBsAg negative serum, remains HBsAg positive, both by radioimmunoassay and IEOP. However, the same HBsAg positive serum, when diluted with the bile, remains HBsAg positive by IEOP but not by radioimmunoassay (table V) but epidem iological data would indicate that it inactivates also HBV infectivity [15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Presence of HBsAg in the Bile of Subjects with Acute HBsAg Viral Hepatitis

Piazza¹,

Cacciatore²,

Molinari³

et al. 1975

Pathobiology

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During acute HB_sAg serum positive viral hepatitis, the surface antigen was not detectable in duodenal bile but was almost always present in gallbladder and hepatic bile when cholecystokinin was intravenously administered. The immunologic nondemonstrability of HB_sAg in duodenal bile is probably due to the presence of a factor elaborated by the intestinal mucosa. The possible role played by this factor in the non transmission of type B viral hepatitis via faecal-oral route is suggested.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Presence of HBsAg in the Bile of Subjects with Acute HBsAg Viral Hepatitis

Piazza¹,

Cacciatore²,

Molinari³

et al. 1975

Pathobiology

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“…While portal hypertension in our alcoholic cirrhotic patients may merely be an indicator of advanced liver disease, it is tempting to speculate that the resulting portosystemic collateral circulation may allow small quantities of antigenic material from enteric hepatitis B virus to enter the systemic circulation. Certainly there is evidence that the hepatitis B virus may be transmitted by infected blood given orally (Krugman et al, 1967;Krugman and Giles, 1970), but there is no evidence that a large proportion of the population harbour the virus in the gut (Piazza et al, 1975). Viral antibody titres have been investigated in chronic liver disease (Triger et al, 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis Bs antibody in alcoholic cirrhosis.

Mills¹,

Pennington²,

Kay³

et al. 1979

J Clin Pathol

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SUMMARY Sera from patients with chronic liver disease were tested for antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen by radioimmunoassay. The antibody was found in 25 % of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and in 52% when alcoholic cirrhosis was associated with portal hypertension, these results being significantly higher than in a matched control population. Other forms of chronic liver disease did not differ from the control population. Hepatitis B virus infection might be a factor in determining which alcoholic patients go on to develop chronic liver disease and cirrhosis.

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“…HBsAg was found in saliva of 76% of patients with severe hepatitis and in 81% of chronic carriers 90 . However, as saliva has a viral load 1000 to 10000 times lower than plasma, the transmission of HBV by contact of contaminated saliva with the oral cavity, even after the induction of microlesions in receptor mucosa, is still a controversial subject [91][92][93][94] . Contact of contaminated blood with the rescuer's oral cavity, open skin lesion, or cornea can result in the transmission of HBV.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of infectious diseases through mouth-to-mouth ventilation: evidence-based or emotion-based medicine?

Arend¹

2000

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

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UpdateCardiopulmonary arrest is the interruption of the heart's mechanical activity confirmed by unconsciousness, apnea, and absence of central pulse 1 . The basic technical knowledge for management of this medical emergency by way of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should be part of the training curriculum for health care workers and is highly recommended for the general public. However, concern about the transmission of diseases appears to have created substantial barriers for the use of CPR, both in and out of the hospital setting. The idea that the intention of saving a person's life could result in the death of the rescuer is intimidating and reduces peoples' desire and availability to help cardiopulmonary arrest victims [2][3][4][5] . The outcome of reduced use of CPR is reflected in the increase in the morbidity and mortality of the event 6-8 . Studies carried out by Brenner report that about 50% of physicians would refuse to carry out mouth-to-mouth ventilation in strangers and 7-14% would not perform mouth-to-mouth ventilation on victims with AIDS [9][10][11] . Another study reports that, although 68% of the interviewees would perform chest compressions on an unknown victim of cardiopulmonary arrest, only 15% would perform mouth-to-mouth ventilation 12 . A number of other papers report similar findings [13][14][15][16][17] . In the great majority of cases, the reason for the reluctance to immediately start CPR is the fear of catching transmissible diseases, especially HIV 12,18 . The objective of this article is to review the literature on infectious diseases transmitted through mouth-tomouth ventilation. The search for available scientific evidence for pre-and post-exposure prophylaxis has been made through searching the Medline database of articles published between 1990-1999. In addition to this, all the articles published between 1966-1999 in journals indexed to Index Medicus with the key word mouth to mouth ventilation or mouth-to-mouth ventilation, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were reviewed. Conclusions were also based on a personal collection of articles, posters and relevant notes collected over the last few years.

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HEPATITIS B NOT TRANSMISSIBLE VIA FqCAL-ORAL ROUTE

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Presence of HBsAg in the Bile of Subjects with Acute HBsAg Viral Hepatitis

Presence of HBsAg in the Bile of Subjects with Acute HBsAg Viral Hepatitis

Hepatitis Bs antibody in alcoholic cirrhosis.

Transmission of infectious diseases through mouth-to-mouth ventilation: evidence-based or emotion-based medicine?

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