Presence of HBsAg in the Bile of Subjects with Acute HBsAg Viral Hepatitis

Piazza, Marcello; Cacciatore, L; Molinari, V.; Guadagnino, Vincenzo; Cataldo, Pietro; Borgia, Guglielmo; Gravina, E; Manzillo, G; Maio, Giuseppe Di

doi:10.1159/000162843

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In acute HBV infection, the gallbladder also undergoes abnormal changes, such as wall thickening, luminal abnormality and alterations in volume 47 . HBsAg can be found in the bile of subjects with acute HBV infection 48 . However, the pathophysiology of the association between gallbladder polyps and HBV remains unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalences of and risk factors for biliary stones and gallbladder polyps in a large Chinese population

Luan

et al. 2012

HPB

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Objectives: This study aimed to identify the prevalences of and risk factors associated with the development of gallbladder stones and polyps in a large Chinese population. Methods: Prevalences of and risk factors for biliary stones and gallbladder polyps were retrospectively investigated among subjects who underwent a general check‐up at the Health Screening Centres of Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Beijing Charity Hospital between January 2007 and June 2010. Results: A total of 60 064 people were enrolled in the study. Overall prevalences of biliary stones and gallbladder polyps were 4.2% (n= 2527) and 6.9% (n= 4119), respectively. Risk factors associated with increased odds ratios (ORs) for the development of biliary stones were female gender (OR = 1.51), age ≥50 years (OR = 2.09), history of hypertension (OR = 1.37), thickened gallbladder wall (cholecystitis) (OR = 1.98), fasting blood glucose ≥6.10 mmol/l (OR = 1.27), body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 (OR = 1.25), systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg (OR = 1.31) and diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg (OR = 1.44). Factors associated with gallbladder polyps were female gender (OR = 0.66), thickened gallbladder wall (OR = 2.09), negativity for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and positivity for hepatitis B core antibody (anti‐HBc) (OR = 2.61), and positivity for both HBsAg and anti‐HBc (OR = 3.21). Conclusions: Prevalences of biliary stones and gallbladder polyps among Chinese people are similar to those reported for other populations. Biliary stones appear to be associated with female gender, age, obesity, blood glucose, blood pressure and cholecystitis. Male gender, hepatitis B virus infection and cholecystitis were strong risk factors for the formation of gallbladder polyps.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…47 HBsAg can be found in the bile of subjects with acute HBV infection. 48 However, the pathophysiology of the association between gallbladder polyps and HBV remains unknown. According to the analytical data in this study, chronic HBV infection was associated with gallbladder polyp development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalences of and risk factors for biliary stones and gallbladder polyps in a large Chinese population

Luan

et al. 2012

HPB

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“…The HBsAg can be found in the bile of patients with acute hepatitis B infections. 27 However, the pathophysiology between GB polyps and the hepatitis B virus remains unknown. Based on the analytical data of this study, chronic hepatitis B viral infection was associated with GB polyp development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of and risk factors for gallbladder polyps detected by ultrasonography among healthy Chinese: Analysis of 34 669 cases

Lin

Tai

et al. 2007

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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“…Recent evidence further suggests that this virus is involved in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). In infected individuals, the virion and DNA-free particles of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) circulate in blood, and viral antigen has been found in most body fluids, including bile (4,(14)(15)(16). However, the study of the pathobiology of HBV infection is impeded by the current inability to propagate HBV in cell culture.…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection of hepatitis B virus DNA in hepatocytes, bile duct epithelium, and vascular elements by in situ hybridization.

Blum¹,

Stowring²,

A³

et al. 1983

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

143

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A radiolabeled probe specific for hepatitis B virus (HBV) nucleotide sequences was hybridized in situ to liver tissue from three patients with chronic hepatitis B. The HBV genome was detected not only in infected hepatocytes but also in bile duct epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells. These findings extend the known host cell range for HBV, suggest new mechanisms of viral dissemination, and illustrate the usefiuness of in situ hybridization in the study of pathogenesis of HBV infection.HBV infection is a major public health problem, with an estimated 200 million persistently infected people worldwide (1)(2)(3). HBV is a DNA virus that infects only humans and certain nonhuman primates and causes a wide spectrum of acute and chronic liver disease (4). Recent evidence further suggests that this virus is involved in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (4-13). In infected individuals, the virion and DNA-free particles of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) circulate in blood, and viral antigen has been found in most body fluids, including bile (4, 14-16). However, the study of the pathobiology of HBV infection is impeded by the current inability to propagate HBV in cell culture. The availability of cloned HBV DNA now permits us to investigate by in situ hybridization the presence and quantity of viral copies at the cellular level and their correlation with histologic lesions. This paper presents findings indicating that HBV DNA in virus-infected liver is detectable not only in hepatocytes, as previously reported by Gowans et al. (17), but also in bile duct epithelium and vascular elements, thereby identifying new and unsuspected target cells for HBV. Cellular DNA Extraction. PLC/PRF/5 cells in a confluent monolayer were trypsinized and washed once with phosphatebuffered saline. The cells were lysed at room temperature by incubation in 10 mM Tris HCI, pH 7.4/1 mM EDTA/100 mM NaCl/1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. After addition of proteinase K (Boehringer Mannheim) to a final concentration of 100 ,g/ ml, the lysate was incubated at 37°C for 12-16 hr. The solution was then extracted twice with buffer-saturated phenol/chloroform/isoamyl alcohol, 25:24:1 (vol/vol), and once with chloroform/isoamyl alcohol, 24:1. The nucleic acids were precipitated with 2 vol of ethanol. The precipitate was dissolved in 10 mM Tris'HCl, pH 7.4/1 mM EDTA/100 mM NaCl, treated with DNase-free RNase (Millipore) at 100 ,ug/ml for 3 hr at 370C, and extracted and precipitated as described above. The number of HBV DNA copies per Alexander cell was determined by dot blot analysis (22) with 32P-labeled HBV DNA as a probe (specific activity, 1-2 x 109 cpm/,ug) and a known amount of cloned HBV DNA or of DNA extracted from PLC/ PRF/5 cells. The hybridization was quantitated by liquid scintillation counting. The number of four copies of HBV DNA per Alexander cell was calculated by assuming a cellular DNA content of 6 pg. MATERIALS AND METHODSIn 6685The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge ...

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Presence of HBsAg in the Bile of Subjects with Acute HBsAg Viral Hepatitis

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Prevalences of and risk factors for biliary stones and gallbladder polyps in a large Chinese population

Prevalences of and risk factors for biliary stones and gallbladder polyps in a large Chinese population

Prevalence of and risk factors for gallbladder polyps detected by ultrasonography among healthy Chinese: Analysis of 34 669 cases

Detection of hepatitis B virus DNA in hepatocytes, bile duct epithelium, and vascular elements by in situ hybridization.

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