Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C Virus Infection Is a Risk Factor for Severe Hepatic Cytolysis after Initiation of a Protease Inhibitor-Containing Antiretroviral Regimen in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients

Abstract

In a cohort of 1,047 human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients started on protease inhibitors (PIs), the incidence of severe hepatic cytolysis (alanine aminotransferase concentration five times or more above the upper limit of the normal level > 5N) was 5% patient-years after a mean follow-up of 5 months. Only positivity for hepatitis C virus antibodies (hazard ratio [HR], 7.95; P < 10 ؊3

Mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed hepatotoxicity: another lesson from troglitazone

“…Chronic hepatitis C or B virus infection, alcohol abuse or NAFLD may be present. However, as has been seen with highly active antiviral therapy for HIV, the hepatotoxicity of the drug appears to be augmented by the pre-existing hepatic infection/disorder [60][61][62][63].…”

The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and hepatitis C virus among injection drug users who use high risk inner-city locales in Miami, Florida

“…Additional incentive to screen injection drug users for both HIV and HCV is that IDUs coinfected with HIV and HCV are at increased risk for several conditions that can lead to a more rapid disease progression including, but not limited to: inability of the liver to detoxify antiviral drugs (Thomas et al 1996, Saves 2000, accelerated progression of liver fibrosis (Benhamou et al 1999), development of lipodystrophy (Zylberger et al 2000) recurrence or activation of Hepatitis C (Manegold et al 2001), infection with other Hepatitis viruses, and more rapid progression to end-stage disease.…”

“…There is increasing evidence supporting the concept that people infected with HIV have an increased rapid course of their hepatitis C infection (Maier & Wu 2002). Treatment of co-infection is often complex because highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) is frequently hepatotoxic, especially in the presence of HCV (Saves et al 2000).…”

Mycobacterium Avium in Pygmy Rabbits (Brachylagus Idahoensis): 28 Cases

“…HIV-and HCV-coinfected patients might experience HCVassociated liver disease in a shorter time course than patients infected with HCV alone (139,(141)(142)(143) and should be evaluated for chronic liver disease and the possible need for treatment. Limited data indicate that HCV treatment can be safely provided to patients coinfected with HIV and HCV.…”