Hepatitis B Vaccination Induced TNF-<i>α</i>- and IL-2-Producing T Cell Responses in HIV− Healthy Individuals Higher than in HIV+ Individuals Who Received the Same Vaccination Regimen

Chawansuntati, Kriangkrai; Chaiklang, Kanokporn; Chaiwarith, Romanee; Praparattanapan, Jutarat; Supparatpinyo, Khuanchai; Wipasa, Jiraprapa

doi:10.1155/2018/8350862

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Surprisingly, TNF-a rather than IFN-g is the predominant cytokine secreted in humans after vaccination with the S-based HBV vaccine produced in yeast (38). Arguably, an increase in TNFa-producing T cells may indicate a better immunization outcome in both healthy individuals and risk groups, as recently shown (64,65). Moreover, TNF-a inhibits HBV DNA replication at nontoxic concentrations for the host cell, by a mechanism requiring NF-kBsignaling, which may contribute to an early suppression of HBV infection, should this occur in patients with low anti-HBV antibody titers (66).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Efficient cellular and humoral immune response and production of virus-neutralizing antibodies by the Hepatitis B Virus S/preS116-42 antigen

et al. 2022

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Despite the availability of improved antiviral therapies, infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a3 significant health issue, as a curable treatment is yet to be discovered. Current HBV vaccines relaying on the efficient expression of the small (S) envelope protein in yeast and the implementation of mass vaccination programs have clearly contributed to containment of the disease. However, the lack of an efficient immune response in up to 10% of vaccinated adults, the controversies regarding the seroprotection persistence in vaccine responders and the emergence of vaccine escape virus mutations urge for the development of better HBV immunogens. Due to the critical role played by the preS1 domain of the large (L) envelope protein in HBV infection and its ability to trigger virus neutralizing antibodies, including this protein in novel vaccine formulations has been considered a promising strategy to overcome the limitations of S only-based vaccines. In this work we aimed to combine relevant L and S epitopes in chimeric antigens, by inserting preS1 sequences within the external antigenic loop of S, followed by production in mammalian cells and detailed analysis of their antigenic and immunogenic properties. Of the newly designed antigens, the S/preS116–42 protein assembled in subviral particles (SVP) showed the highest expression and secretion levels, therefore, it was selected for further studies in vivo. Analysis of the immune response induced in mice vaccinated with S/preS116–42- and S-SVPs, respectively, demonstrated enhanced immunogenicity of the former and its ability to activate both humoral and cellular immune responses. This combined activation resulted in production of neutralizing antibodies against both wild-type and vaccine-escape HBV variants. Our results validate the design of chimeric HBV antigens and promote the novel S/preS1 protein as a potential vaccine candidate for administration in poor-responders to current HBV vaccines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Efficient cellular and humoral immune response and production of virus-neutralizing antibodies by the Hepatitis B Virus S/preS116-42 antigen

et al. 2022

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“…1 The previous study reported that hepatitis B vaccine can increase the production TNF-α. 14 Nitric oxide can be produced during the activation of macrophages by antigens such as viruses. Nitric oxide is toxic to pathogenic bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Effect of Methanolic Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Bengkoang (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urban) Tuber in Mice

Sujono¹,

Nurrochmad²,

Lukitaningsih³

et al. 2021

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Background: Recently, interest in the use of herbal medicine that can modulate the immune system is increasing in the pandemic situation. One plant that can be developed as an immunomodulator is bengkoang (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urban). Objectives: To evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of a methanolic extract of bengkoang (MEB) and the ethyl acetate fraction of bengkoang (EAFB) in mice induced by the hepatitis B vaccine. Materilas and Methods: Thirty healthy male mice were divided into six groups namely, control, standard levamisole, MEB (100 and 200 mg/kg BW), and EAFB at 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight (BW). The treatments were given for 18 days, and hepatitis B vaccine was injected intraperitoneally twice during the treatment. Assessment of the immunomodulatory effect was carried out against nonspecific and specific immune response parameters. Results: The MEB and EAFB could significantly increase phagocytic capacity, the spleen index, and lymphocyte proliferation. MEB stimulated IgG production, while EAFB, 100 mg/kg BW suppressed immunoglobulin G (IgG) production; otherwise, at the higher dose, EAFB increased IgG production. EAFB also increases nitric oxide production, while MEB had no effect. The higher dose of MEB tended to increase tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels and decrease interleukin (IL)-10, while EAFB tended to decrease TNF-α and increase IL-10, but these changes were not significant. Conclusion: Based on this study, MEB and EAFB could increase the innate immune response and stimulate the humoral immune response but had no effect on cytokine production, which may have potential usefulness of bengkoang to treat immunomodulatory-related disease.

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“…Chawansuntati et al [ 63 ] showed a reduced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-2 Level from CD4+ T cells in HIV-infected patients receiving standard HBV vaccinations and suggested an increased dose or frequency to counter this problem[ 63 ].…”

Section: Hepatitis B Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in treatment and prevention of hepatitis B

Shah¹,

Aloysius²,

Sharma³

et al. 2021

WJGPT

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Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) continues to contribute to worldwide morbidity and mortality significantly. Scientists, clinicians, pharmaceutical companies, and health organizations have dedicated substantial Intellectual and monetary resources to finding a cure, increasing immunization rates, and reducing the global burden of CHB. National and international health-related organizations including the center for disease control, the national institute of health, the American Association for the study of liver disease (AASLD), The European association for the study of the Liver (EASL), The Asia Pacific association for the study of the Liver (APASL) and the world health organization release periodic recommendations for disease prevention and treatment. Our review of the most recent guidelines by EASL, AASLD, APASL, and Taiwan Association for the Study of the Liver revealed that an overwhelming majority of cited studies were published before 2018. We reviewed Hepatitis B-related literature published 2018 onwards to identify recent developments and current barriers that will likely direct future efforts towards eradicating hepatitis B. The breakthrough in our understanding of the hepatitis B virus life cycle and resulting drug development is encouraging with significant room for further progress. Data from high-risk populations, most vulnerable to the devastating effects of hepatitis B infection and reactivation remain sparse. Utilization of systems approach, optimization of experimental models, identification and validation of next-generation biomarkers, and precise modulation of the human immune response will be critical for future innovation. Within the foreseeable future, new treatments will likely complement conventional therapies rather than replace them. Most Importantly, pragmatic management of CHB related population health challenges must be prioritized to produce real-world results.

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Hepatitis B Vaccination Induced TNF-α- and IL-2-Producing T Cell Responses in HIV− Healthy Individuals Higher than in HIV+ Individuals Who Received the Same Vaccination Regimen

Cited by 9 publications

References 45 publications

Efficient cellular and humoral immune response and production of virus-neutralizing antibodies by the Hepatitis B Virus S/preS116-42 antigen

Efficient cellular and humoral immune response and production of virus-neutralizing antibodies by the Hepatitis B Virus S/preS116-42 antigen

Immunomodulatory Effect of Methanolic Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Bengkoang (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urban) Tuber in Mice

Advances in treatment and prevention of hepatitis B

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