Hepatitis B virus infection among people attending the voluntary counselling and testing centre and anti-retroviral therapy clinic of St Paul's General Specialised Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Shimelis, Techalew; Torben, Workineh; Medhin, Girmay; Tebeje, Mekashaw; Andualm, Anteneh; Demessie, Fekadu; Mulu, Andargachew; Tegbaru, Belete; Gebre-Selassie, Solomon

doi:10.1136/sti.2007.027326

Cited by 51 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Studying patterns of co-infection with HBV, HCV and HIV is of great importance, particularly in the context of controlling morbidity and mortality caused by liver disease. This study observed a lower HBV/HIV dual infection as compared to studies done in Kenya, Nigeria, Ethiopia and South Africa [23, 24,25,10, 26]. We also observed that the odds of being infected with HBV were twofold when one was HIV positive.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV-1 Coinfection in Two Informal Urban Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

et al. 2015

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BackgroundHIV-1 and Hepatitis B and C viruses coinfection is common in Sub-Saharan Africa due to similar routes of transmission and high levels of poverty. Most studies on HIV-1 and Hepatitis B and C viruses have occurred in hospital settings and blood transfusion units. Data on Hepatitis B and C viruses and HIV-1 coinfection in informal urban settlements in Kenya are scanty, yet they could partly explain the disproportionately high morbidity and mortality associated with HIV-1 infections in these slums.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV and Hepatitis B and C dual infection in urban slums in Nairobi.MethodsBlood samples were collected from residents of Viwandani and Korogocho between 2006 and 2007. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic data from participants. Samples were screened for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV and anti-HIV-1. Statistical analysis was done using STATA.ResultsSamples were successfully collected from 418 (32%) men and 890 (68%) females. The HIV-1, HBV and HCV prevalence was 20.4%, 13.3% and 0.76% respectively at the time of the study. Of the 268 (20.4%) HIV-1 positive participants, 56 (4.26%) had HBV while 6 (0.46%) had HCV. Of the 1041 HIV-1 negative participants, 117 (8.9%) had HBV while 4 (0.31%) had HCV. Only two people (0.15%) were co-infected with all the three viruses together.DiscussionThe odds of getting hepatitis infection were higher in HIV-1 participants (for HBV OR 2.08,p<0.005 and for HCV OR 5.93, p<0.005). HIV prevalence rates were similar in both informal settlements. HIV infection was highest in age group 35-39 years and among the divorced/separated or widowed. Prevalence of all viruses was highest in those who did not have any formal education.ConclusionThe HIV prevalence in these informal settlements suggests a higher rate than what is observed nationally. The prevalence rates of HBV are significantly higher in the HIV-1 positive and negative populations. HCV as well as triple HIV-1, HBV and HCV coinfection are uncommon in Korogocho and Viwandani. This clearly indicates the need for HIV-1 control programmes and hepatitis B virus vaccination to be promoted through public awareness as preventive strategy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV-1 Coinfection in Two Informal Urban Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

et al. 2015

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“…These findings showed that that the vast majority of patients with diabetes have no increased susceptibility to infection by HBV than the general population. This study also showed that the study area to be of intermediate endemicity (2-8%) with HBV and consistent with previous serologic data from most region of Ethiopia [5, 8–10]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Studies done in Ethiopian on different target population, for example a study done by Abebe et al (2003) [5] in Addis Ababa residents, Shimelis et al (2007) [8] at Saint Paul’‘s General Specialized Hospital on VCT clients, by Tessema et al (2010) [9] at University of Gondar on blood bank and by Negero et al (2011) [10] among VCT clients at Shashemene Hospital showed 7%, 5.7%, 4.7% and 5.7% HBsAg prevalence, respectively. When we compared these finding with ours, they showed intermediate endemicity prevalence like the current study but slightly higher.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hepatitis B virus in patients with diabetes mellitus: a comparative cross sectional study at Woldiya General Hospital, Ethiopia

et al. 2014

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IntroductionThe overall prevalence of HBV in Ethiopia varies from 4.7-16.8% for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and 70-76.38% for at least one marker positive. Patients suffering from type I Diabetes Mellitus (DM) incur high risk of infection with hepatotropic viruses because of frequent hospitalization and blood tests.MethodsA comparative cross sectional study was conducted at Woldiya General Hospital using 108 consented study populations from Diabetes and 108 non diabetes control groups during the period November 2010 - January 2011. VISITECT HBsAg rapid test kit and Humastat 80 chemistry analyzer were used. Multivariate logistic regression was used to see the association of HBV with clinical history of participants and Sociodemographic variables. All tests were two-sided with α-level of 0.05 and 80% power.ResultsPrevalence of HBsAg was equal between diabetic and non diabetic individuals, 3.7% indicating that there was no difference between the two groups. Only history of invasive procedures and chronic liver disease showed association with HBsAg seropositivity.ConclusionIn this study a positive relation was not indicated between HBV and Diabetes and the prevalence of HBsAg was equal between diabetic and non diabetic individuals.

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“…The observed 4.7% HIV-HBV co-infection rate was lower compared with the study in North West Ethiopia which reported 5.6% [12]. Conversely, HIV-HBV co-infection rate of this study was higher as compared to worldwide HBV prevalence which was 3.1% [21] [22,23], both from Addis Ababa and lower than study in Kenya (6%) and Nigeria (6%) [19,24]. The reason for such variations in co-infection rate among HIV infected patients could possibly be due to difference in the distribution of these viruses in the various geographic locations, recruitment setting, sample size and ethnic variation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Magnitude of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus among HAART Taking Patients and Association with Liver and Renal Function and CD4+ T Cells Level

Yemanebrhane¹,

Addise²,

Abebe³

et al. 2017

J AIDS Clin Res

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Hepatitis B virus infection among people attending the voluntary counselling and testing centre and anti-retroviral therapy clinic of St Paul's General Specialised Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract: This study shows a high prevalence and similar distribution of HBV infection in HIV-positive and HIV-negative people. However, with the emphasis given to HIV-positive cases, screening for HBV infection is important.

Cited by 51 publications

References 24 publications

Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV-1 Coinfection in Two Informal Urban Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV-1 Coinfection in Two Informal Urban Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya

Prevalence of hepatitis B virus in patients with diabetes mellitus: a comparative cross sectional study at Woldiya General Hospital, Ethiopia

Magnitude of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus among HAART Taking Patients and Association with Liver and Renal Function and CD4+ T Cells Level

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