Hepatitis C Virus-Associated Acalculous Cholecystitis and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) is an infrequently encountered clinical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Viral infection associated AAC is rare, but it is most commonly associated with Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, dengue virus, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, human immunodeficiency virus, disseminated visceral varicella-zoster virus infection, Zika virus, and hepatitis C. We report on a patient who was first diagnosed with a chronic hepatic C infection and subsequently with acalculous cholecystitis.

Acalculous Cholecystitis Secondary to Hepatitis C Infection

“…US is the modality of choice, and gallbladder wall thickening greater than 4 mm with the presence of sludge is a typical finding associated with AAC. Once diagnosed, the treatment of choice is percutaneous cholecystostomy at presentation [ 5 ]. It is thought that the underlying pathogenesis in these cases is due to direct viral invasion of the biliary tract and the gallbladder wall [ 6 , 7 ].…”

A Curious Case of Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis

“…It makes up for 5%-10% of cases of all cholecystitis [ 3 ]. It is frequently associated with gangrene, perforation, and empyema, with a 10%-50% mortality rate in affected patients [ 2 ]. The risk factors and infections predisposing to acute acalculous cholecystitis are extensive but include CMV, EBV, HAV, and HBV [ 2 ].…”

“…It is frequently associated with gangrene, perforation, and empyema, with a 10%-50% mortality rate in affected patients [ 2 ]. The risk factors and infections predisposing to acute acalculous cholecystitis are extensive but include CMV, EBV, HAV, and HBV [ 2 ]. Being immunocompromised, especially due to HIV infection, can increase the risk of contracting acalculous cholecystitis [ 4 ].…”

“…While hepatic and extrahepatic complications have been recognized for HAV, acute acalculous cholecystitis is a rare complication of acute viral hepatitis [ 1 ]. Also rare is acute cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection as an etiology for acute acalculous cholecystitis [ 2 ]. Herein, we report a case of acute acalculous cholecystitis due to acute HAV infection with concurrent acute CMV infection.…”

Manejo del edema de vesícula biliar confundido como colecistitis, en el departamento de urgencias

“…Some of these diseases are selflimited such as hepatitis A or dengue, but other diseases become fatal, and recognizing them on time can improve the prognosis of these patients. 6,7,10,11 The presentation of these diseases is sometimes not so clear, and experience is required to rule out surgical treatment. In addition to all this, there is a lack of evidence worldwide, especially in Latin America, where this diagnostic confusion has been less reported, making recognition of this situation more difficult.…”