Hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis to the maxilla: a rare case

Greenstein, Adrian J.; Witherspoon, Robert P.; Iqbal, Firoz; Coleman, Hedley

doi:10.1111/adj.12083

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy and rarely exhibits metastatic lesions in the oral tissues. In 1957, the first case of HCC metastasis to the oral region was reported by Dick et al (4); since then, approximately 50 cases have been documented in the literature (5). In the present report, we describe a case of HCC metastasis to the gingiva, clinically mimicking a pyogenic granuloma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

A Rare Case Of Maxillary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis Mimicking Pyogenic Granuloma In A Geriatric Patient

Kucukguven¹

2019

tjgeri

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Metastasis to the oral region is an uncommon characteristic of hepatocellular carcinoma. As such, diagnosis of these malignancies can be challenging due to clinical similarities with benign lesions. This report describes a 70-year-old woman with a rare case of oral metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma that manifested in the anterior maxilla. The diagnosis of hepatitis Band C-related hepatocellular carcinoma was made one year before presentation to the authors' clinic. At the time of admission, the patient was undergoing medication with Sorafenib. An erythematous, haemorrhagic, painless lesion exhibited rapid growth in the maxilla over a two-month period. Based on clinical characteristics, the lesion was considered a pyogenic granuloma before pathological examination. After surgical intervention, the healing process in the eight-month follow-up period was uneventful, with no evidence of recurrence. This report highlights the importance of meticulous clinical and pathological evaluations in patients with suspected oral metastatic lesions that may mimic benign conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

A Rare Case Of Maxillary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis Mimicking Pyogenic Granuloma In A Geriatric Patient

Kucukguven¹

2019

tjgeri

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“…According to limited series with survival data in English literatures, the median time of overall and truncated survival for HCC patients with gingival metastasis is about 11.5 months (range, 2 to 92 months) and 3.5 months (range, 1 to 15 months), respectively (Table 1). Herein, many cases, which are individually reported or included in systematic reviews but without complete survival data or accurate description of gingival metastasis, have been excluded [4–6, 19, 29–31, 33–35]. A diagnosed case of gingival metastasis with synchronic HCC and primary prostate cancer has also been excluded because the survival may be markedly influenced by the second malignancy [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Gingival Metastasis by Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Xue

Mao

Geng

et al. 2017

Case Reports in Medicine

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) uncommonly metastasizes to the gingiva, which always means a poor outcome. We reported a rare HCC case with multiple metastases to gingiva, lungs, and brain. A 60-year-old man was initially diagnosed as HCC with metastases to double lungs. He was subjected to a transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) (5-fluorouracil, 750 mg) and two cycles of intravenous chemotherapy (gemcitabine 1.8 g at days 1 and 8, oxaliplatin 200 mg at day 2, every 4 weeks). However, the volume of liver tumor still increased. A bean-size gingival nodule growing with occasional bleeding was also found. TACE (5-fluorouracil 750 mg, perarubicin 40 mg, cisplatin 20 mg) was performed again and an oral sorafenib therapy (400 mg, twice per day) was adopted. The disease maintained relatively stable for about 6 months until a second obvious progress. The gingival nodule was then palliatively excised and identified as a poorly differentiated metastatic HCC by histopathological examination. Best supportive treatments were made since the performance score was too bad. Finally, cerebral metastases occurred and the patient died of systemic failure. Upon review of previous reports, we discussed risk factors, clinical and pathological characteristics, treatments, and prognosis of gingival metastasis by HCC.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, only 13 such cases have been reported in the English literature to date (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). The pathogenesis of the metastasis of malignant tumors to the gingiva is unclear.…”

Section: A B C Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extrahepatic metastasis of HCC occurs in ~30-50% of patients (2)(3)(4)(5), and the most common metastatic sites are the lungs, abdominal lymph nodes and bones (2)(3)(4)(5). Metastasis to the gingiva is rare and, to the best of our knowledge, only 13 such cases have been reported in English literature thus far (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). The age range of these patients was 46-78 years and the average age was 61 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis to the gingival soft tissues: A case report and review of the literature

Gong

Zhang

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. Metastases to the gingival soft tissues are rare in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To the best of our knowledge, only 13 cases have been reported in English literature to date. The present study described the case of a 43-year-old Chinese man who was admitted to Tangdu Hospital (Xi'an, China) due to the presence of a gingival tumor that was initially diagnosed as granulation tissue by a dental surgeon. Examination of the patient's medical history revealed that a solid mass, measuring 1.5 cm in diameter, was identified in the right lobe of the liver 2 years prior to presentation at the current hospital; however, no biopsy was performed. Thus, the tumor was resected and histological examination resulted in an initial diagnosis of atypical squamous cell carcinoma. However, the histopathological characteristics, immunohistochemical features and serum α-fetoprotein expression levels supported a diagnosis of metastatic HCC. In conclusion, the present case study highlights the difficulties in diagnosing metastatic HCC without a history of primary HCC, and the importance of excluding a diagnosis of metastatic tumor when a lesion is identified in the gingival. Furthermore, it was determined that a final diagnosis of gingival metastasis of HCC predominantly depends on pathological characteristics and immunohistochemical features.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis to the maxilla: a rare case

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

A Rare Case Of Maxillary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis Mimicking Pyogenic Granuloma In A Geriatric Patient

A Rare Case Of Maxillary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis Mimicking Pyogenic Granuloma In A Geriatric Patient

Rare Gingival Metastasis by Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis to the gingival soft tissues: A case report and review of the literature

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