Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in jreiodontal disease: detection of HGF in gingival crevicular fluid

Abstract

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) acts as a mitogen, motogen, morphogen, anti-apoptotic factor, and scatter factor for various kinds of epithelial cells. It is a protein secreted by mesenchymal cells such as fibroblasts, and promotes motility and matrix invasion of epithelial cells. To clarify whether HGF is involved in periodontal disease, this study was conducted to determine whether HGF is present in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and to investigate the relationship between levels of HGF and the clinical parameters of periodontal disease, probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP). We examined and collected GCF samples from 80 sites in 38 subjects with periodontal or other oral diseases. The concentrations of HGF, IL-1beta and PGE2 were determined by ELISA, and active collagenase activity was determined by functional assay. The HGF level correlated positively with PD and GI, and was significantly higher in specimens from BOP-positive sites and those where PD exceeded 4 mm compared with those from sites that were BOP-negative or with a PD less than 3 mm. There was a significant positive correlation between the concentrations of HGF and IL-1beta. These results indicate that the HGF level in GCF correlates well with clinical parameters of periodontal disease, and suggest that HGF may be involved in epithelial invasion through its role as a scatter factor.

Hepatocyte growth factor in saliva is a potential marker of symptomatic periodontal disease

“…Recently, it was shown that HGF levels in unstimulated whole mixed saliva are directly correlated with probing depth and the percentage of sites positive for bleeding on probing in the general population (8). This finding provided evidence to corroborate previous in vitro and in vivo investigations indicating a novel link between HGF and periodontal disease (3)(4)(5)(6)(7).…”

“…In other words, it was postulated that HGF may be closely involved in the pathogenesis and progression of periodontal disease. In a subsequent clinical study, it was found that the HGF content of gingival crevicular fluid from patients with periodontitis was 15 times higher than that in the general population, and almost 300 times higher than that in normal human serum (7). In 2002, Japanese authors found significant correlations between the salivary level of HGF and periodontal parameters such as PD and GI, and postulated that salivary HGF might be useful as a screening marker for early detection of periodontal disease (8).…”

“…In 2002, Japanese authors found significant correlations between the salivary level of HGF and periodontal parameters such as PD and GI, and postulated that salivary HGF might be useful as a screening marker for early detection of periodontal disease (8). At the same time, some of the above ex vivo and clinical data (4)(5)(6)(7)(8) were confirmed by Daikuhara and coworkers (9,10). Notably, a recent study has shown that HGF overproduction by inflamed human gingival fibroblasts is mediated by protease-activated receptors (17), thus corroborating the HGF/periodontal disease relationship on a molecular basis.…”

“…Remarkably, HGF is also involved in the development of periodontal disease (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Recently, it was shown that HGF levels in unstimulated whole mixed saliva are directly correlated with probing depth and the percentage of sites positive for bleeding on probing in the general population (8).…”

Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Saliva of Patients with Renal Failure and Periodontal Disease

“…Experimental research carried out by the Yasushi Daikuhara group (Kagoshima University Dental School, Kagoshima, Japan) in the years 1993-2000 proved, for the first time, that gingival and dental pulp fibroblasts show the ability to HGF synthesis and secretion, [5][6][7][8] and this effect is particularly expressed during the exposure of fibroblasts in tissue culture to proinflammatory substances such as interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, and prostaglandin E 2 . The connection between HGF and periodontitis was described for the first time by Ohshima et al [9][10][11] (Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan) in a series of articles published in the years 2000-2002. In clinical examination, they showed, for the first time, that HGF level in the fluid of gingival pockets in patients with PD is between 10 and 20 times higher than in subjects without PD. 10 Close correlations between HGF level in gingival fluid, 10 unstimulated mixed saliva, 11 and progression of pathological changes in periodontium were found as well.…”