Hepatoid Variant of Yolk Sac Tumor of Both Ovaries With Widespread Intra-abdominal and Lung Metastasis: A Case Report

Abstract

Neoplasm; Endodermal Sinus Tumour;Female; Ovary Hepatoid variant of yolk sac tumor of ovary is an unusual tumor with an aggressive behavior. It is usually observed in young females, presents with abdominal complaints and is associated with raised α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. It should be differentiated from other hepatoid tumors involving the ovary. A complete patient evaluation with gross, microscopy, and immunohistochemistry can identify the site of origin to administer appropriate treatment.The current study reported the case of a 30-year-old married parous female presenting with abdominal distention and pain of two months duration. She had regular menstrual cycles. Based on lab investigations her serum AFP level was markedly raised to 34,244 ng/mL (normal range: 0-9 ng/mL). Computerized tomography (CT) scan showed large lobulated heterogeneous mass in both ovaries and omental, gall bladder, and lung metastasis. A CT guided biopsy of the ovarian mass was done. On histopathology, a differential diagnosis of hepatoid variant of yolk sac tumor, hepatoid carcinoma of ovary and hepatoid tumor arising from gall bladder metastasizing to the ovary were observed. Patient underwent surgery. Per operatively gross ascites with bilateral ovarian mass, extensive omental, pelvic, and gall bladder deposits were observed. Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with omental deposit biopsy was conducted. Histopathology along with immunohistochemistry confirmed a diagnosis of hepatoid variant of yolk sac tumor in both ovaries with widespread intra-abdominal metastasis.

“Pure” hepatoid tumors of the pancreas harboring CTNNB1 somatic mutations: a new entity among solid pseudopapillary neoplasms

“…Tumors with hepatoid differentiation represent a rare group of cancers that are histologically similar to hepatocellular carcinoma but arise outside the liver [1][2][3][4]. This tumor type usually shows a solid or solid-trabecular architecture and is composed of polyhedral cells with large and eosinophilic cytoplasm, central nuclei, and evident nucleoli [1][2][3][4][5].…”

“…Tumors with hepatoid differentiation represent a rare group of cancers that are histologically similar to hepatocellular carcinoma but arise outside the liver [1][2][3][4]. This tumor type usually shows a solid or solid-trabecular architecture and is composed of polyhedral cells with large and eosinophilic cytoplasm, central nuclei, and evident nucleoli [1][2][3][4][5]. The biological behavior of hepatoid tumors (HTs) is still not well understood mainly because of their rarity; however, most reports indicate aggressive behavior with early metastasis [1][2][3].…”