Hepatopancreatic endosymbionts in coastal isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda), and their contribution to digestion

Zimmer, Martin; Danko, Jean Paul; Pennings, Steven C.; Danford, A. R.; Ziegler, Andreas; Uglow, R. F.; Carefoot, Thomas H.

doi:10.1007/s002270000519

Cited by 66 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…From an evolutionary viewpoint, plant consumers have developed many solutions to the problem of nitrogen shortage. Crustaceans have evolved to host certain endosymbiotic organisms in their digestive tracts (Zimmer et al, 2001). Additionally, some crabs could have consumed individuals capable of metabolising cellulose, as reported for the shrimp Palaemonetes pugio and freshwater crab Aegla uruguayana, which assimilates cellulose from plant stems and algae (Devercelli & Williner, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding ecology of the freshwater crab Trichodactylus borellianus (Decapoda: Trichodactylidae) in the floodplain of the Parana River, southern South America

Williner¹,

Collins²

2013

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ABSTRACT. Freshwater crabs are not commonly considered to be an important group in trophic webs, and this might be due to a lack of knowledge about their trophic roles in aquatic ecosystems. Trichodactylus borellianus is one of the most common and widely distributed freshwater crabs in the floodplains of the southern South American rivers. The main objective of the present study was to examine the trophic role of T. borellianus, in the floodplain of the Paraná River, and its relationships with the freshwater littoral community. The trophic spectrum of this species was characterized for both sexes and individuals of different sizes (adults and juveniles), throughout daily and seasonal cycles. Samples were collected from the aquatic vegetation of three shallow lakes. The diet composition and the feeding activity of T. borellianus were evaluated through the examination of the stomach contents and their degree of emptiness. This crab species consumed several plant and animal items, including amoebas, rotifers, oligochaetes, copepods, cladocerans, and insect larvae. Moreover, this species consumes filamentous and unicellular algae, diatoms, fungi, and macrophytic remains. The predatory habits varied with the season and time of day, and variations in the feeding activity of the juveniles and adults were detected and documented. The diversity of food items eaten by this crab suggests that its trophic role in the community as an omnivore and opportunistic predator provides a connection among several trophic levels from both aquatic and terrestrial communities. Keywords: omnivore, trophic habits, stomach contents, detritus, macro-invertebrates. Ecología trófica del cangrejo dulceacuícola Trichodactylus borellianus (Decapoda:Trichodactylidae) en el valle de inundación del río Paraná, sur de Sudamérica RESUMEN. Los cangrejos de agua dulce no son comúnmente considerados como un grupo importante en las redes tróficas, y esto podría ser debido a falta de conocimiento acerca de sus funciones tróficas en los ecosistemas acuáticos. Trichodactylus borellianus es uno de los cangrejos de agua dulce más comunes y ampliamente distribuido en llanuras de inundación del los ríos del sur de Sudamérica. El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue examinar el rol trófico de T. borellianus en la llanura de inundación del río de Paraná, y sus relaciones con la comunidad litoral de agua dulce. El espectro trófico de esta especie se caracterizó en ambos sexos e individuos de diferentes tamaños (adultos y juveniles), a través de los ciclos diarios y estacionales. Se tomaron muestras en la vegetación acuática de tres lagunas diferentes. La composición de la dieta y la actividad de alimentación de T. borellianus fueron evaluados mediante la observación de contenidos estomacales y grado de repleción. Esta especie consume plantas y animales, incluyendo amebas, rotíferos, oligoquetos, copépodos, cladóceros y larvas de insectos. Además, consume algas filamentosas y unicelulares, diatomeas, hongos y restos de macrófitas. Los hábitos de consumo vari...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding ecology of the freshwater crab Trichodactylus borellianus (Decapoda: Trichodactylidae) in the floodplain of the Parana River, southern South America

Williner¹,

Collins²

2013

lajar

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“…Fucus spp. is high in phenolic compounds (Targett et al 1992, Zimmer et al 2001) that are known to slow down decay of detritus. This might shift the microbial preference to other brown algae with lower phenol content such Nereocystis luetkeana and M. integrifolia (Pennings et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species-specific decomposition rates of beach-cast wrack in Barkley Sound, British Columbia, Canada

Mews

Zimmer²,

Jelinski³

2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The fate of subtidally drifting macrophytal detritus after its deposition ashore was studied based on short-term mass loss effects and species composition of beach-cast detritus. Different species of macroalgae and seagrass varied in both physical and microbial decay, as well as faunal decomposition rates. Their preferred status as food for detritivorous amphipods also varied. Thus, beach-cast detritus changed in species composition during detritus aging. Estimated turnover rates, based on daily input rates and mass loss rates, ranged from <1 d for Nereocystis luetkeana, Macrocystis integrifolia and Ulva spp. to roughly 30 d for Fucus spp. and Phyllospadix spp. Thus, the dynamics of nutrient fluxes within the marine-terrestrial ecotone depends not only on the spatial distribution and amount of beach-cast detritus, but also on its species composition.KEY WORDS: Marine-terrestrial ecotone · Beach-cast wrack · Decomposition · Macroalgae · Seagrass · Talitrid amphipods Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…The occurrence of bacteria in the digestive tract was studied in few crustaceans, such as the Antarctic krill (Donachie and Zdanowski, 1998) and isopods (Zimmer et al, 2001). While bacteria were considered important in the breakdown of plant and detrital material in a thalassinid decapod (Pinn et al, 1997), their role was denied in Northern krill (Donachie et al, 1995).…”

Section: Variation Of Trypsinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cysteine proteinases substitute for serine proteinases in the midgut glands of Crangon crangon and Crangon allmani (Decapoda: Caridea)

Teschke

Saborowski

2005

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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The utilization of dietary proteins in crustaceans is facilitated by a set of peptide hydrolases which are often dominated by btrypsin-likeQ serine proteinases. As expected, the North Sea shrimps Crangon crangon and Crangon allmani showed in their midgut glands high proteolytic activities. However, the majority of animals lacked trypsin and chymotrypsin. Conversely, a minority of about 10% of the animals had elevated trypsin activities. The appearance of trypsin was neither related to the mode of feeding nor to the nutritive state of the animals. When present, trypsin was expressed in both species as a single isoform of apparently 20 kDa. The lack of serine proteinases was also confirmed by inhibitor assays. AEBSF, a serine proteinase inhibitor, slightly reduced total proteinase activity by less than 10%. In contrast E 64, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor, caused a reduction of more than 70% of total proteinase activity, indicating that a substantial share of proteolytic activity is caused by cysteine proteinases. Cathepsin L-like proteinases were identified as major cysteine proteinases.A comparison with the eucarid crustaceans Pandalus montagui, Pagurus bernhardus, Cancer pagurus and Euphausia superba showed a similar high level of total proteinase activity in all species. Trypsin, however, varied significantly between species showing lowest activities in Caridea and the highest activity in E. superba. E 64 suppressed total proteinase activity by more than 70% in Crangon species but not in C. pagurus and E. superba. In contrast, the serine proteinase inhibitor AEBSF had only little effect in Caridea but was most effective in P. bernhardus, C. pagurus and E. superba. The results may indicate different traits of food utilization strategies in some eucarid crustaceans. Caridea may express predominantly cysteine proteinase, while in Anomura, Brachyura and Euphausiacea, serine proteinases may prevail. D

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Hepatopancreatic endosymbionts in coastal isopods (Crustacea: Isopoda), and their contribution to digestion

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

Feeding ecology of the freshwater crab Trichodactylus borellianus (Decapoda: Trichodactylidae) in the floodplain of the Parana River, southern South America

Feeding ecology of the freshwater crab Trichodactylus borellianus (Decapoda: Trichodactylidae) in the floodplain of the Parana River, southern South America

Species-specific decomposition rates of beach-cast wrack in Barkley Sound, British Columbia, Canada

Cysteine proteinases substitute for serine proteinases in the midgut glands of Crangon crangon and Crangon allmani (Decapoda: Caridea)

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