Hepatoprotective activity of Sapindus mukorossi and Rheum emodi extracts: In vitro and in vivo studies

Pharmacological effects of Sapindus mukorossi

“…The use of Sapindus mukorossi in folk medicine worldwide 30 is validated by scientific studies that have demonstrated the efficacy of the extracts in various experimental models. Pharmacological effects of Sapindus mukorossi have been reported like anti-bacterial 19 , insecticidal 12,13,26 , spermicidal 11,27 , anti-trichomonas 11,39 , anti-tumor 22,29,36 , hepatoprotective 18 , anxiolytic 1 , molluscicidal 16,42 , fungicidal 37,41 , antiinflammatory 35 and piscicidal 44 activities and are being employed for the treatment of different ailments in the indigenous system of medicine. Although a number of phytochemicals present in Sapindus mukorossi have been isolated and identified by researchers working in different laboratories, their pharmacological/biological studies in human welfare has not been studied so far.…”

“…All saponins were reported to be at least five times less active than the reference compound 36 . 18 reported that the extracts of Sapindus mukorossi (2.5 mg/L) and Rheum emodi (3.0 mg/L) have a protective capacity both in vitro on primary hepatocytes cultures and in vivo in a rat model of tetrachloride carbon (CCl 4 ) mediated liver injury as judged from serum marker enzyme activities. These cultures were treated with CCl 4 and extracts of Sapindus mukorossi & Rheum emodi.…”

“…Anti-bacterial activity: IBRAHIM et al 19 evaluated that ethanolic and chloroform extracts of Sapindus mukorossi inhibited the growth of Helicobacter pylori (both sensitive and resistant), at very low concentrations, when given orally for seven days to male wister rats. In the in vitro study, the isolates show a considerable zone of inhibition at very low concentration (10 µg/mL) and in the in vivo study the Helicobacter pylori infection was cleared with minimal dose extracts of 2.5 mg/mL.…”

“…The major compounds isolated from Sapindus mukorossi are triterpenoidal saponins of mainly three oleanane, dammarane and tirucullane types. Recently many of the pharmacological actions of this plant have been explored which includes the antimicrobial 19 , cytotoxic 29 , molluscicidal 16,42 , insecticidal 12,26 , piscicidal 44 and fungicidal 37,41 activities. One of the most talked about activities of this plant is the contraceptive activity of the saponins extracted from the pericarp of the fruit 11,27 .…”

Regeneration of soapnut tree through somatic embryogenesis and assessment of genetic fidelity through ISSR and RAPD markers

“…The different medicinal effects such as antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-trichomonas activity, spermicidal and anticancer activity etc. have been reported from the different parts of the plant (Takagi et al 1980;Ibrahim et al 2008;Tsuzuki et al 2007;Tiwari et al 2008;Man et al 2010;Singh et al 2016).…”