2015
DOI: 10.1155/2015/207012
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Hepatorenal Syndrome: Aetiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Abstract: Acute renal impairment is common in patients with chronic liver disease, occurring in approximately 19% of hospitalised patients with cirrhosis. A variety of types of renal impairment are recognised. The most important of these is the hepatorenal syndrome, a functional renal impairment due to circulatory and neurohormonal abnormalities that underpin cirrhosis. It is one of the most severe complications of cirrhosis with survival often measured in weeks to months. A variety of treatment options exist with early… Show more

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Cited by 41 publications
(35 citation statements)
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References 75 publications
(121 reference statements)
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“…Unfortunately, most patients with HRS are not eligible for this therapy because of contraindications (INR > 2, serum bilirubin > 5mg/dL and cardiopulmonary disease). Overall survival following TIPS was 81% at three months, 71% at six months, 48% at 12 months, and 35% at 18 months [31].…”
Section: Hrs Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 95%
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“…Unfortunately, most patients with HRS are not eligible for this therapy because of contraindications (INR > 2, serum bilirubin > 5mg/dL and cardiopulmonary disease). Overall survival following TIPS was 81% at three months, 71% at six months, 48% at 12 months, and 35% at 18 months [31].…”
Section: Hrs Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…This removes the vasodilatory substances, such as nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor and cytokines, substances that are involved in the HRS pathogenesis [33]. The MARS group showed improved short-term survival compared with the control group ( survival was 37.5% at seven days and 25% at 30 days for MARS versus 0% at seven days for the control group) [31].…”
Section: Hrs Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
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