Herbicides: the Face and the Reverse of the Coin. An in Vitro Approach to the Toxicity of Herbicides in Non-Target Organisms

Jurado, Amália S.; Férnandes, Meg da Silva; Videira, Romeu A.; Peixoto, Francisco; Vicente, Joaquim A.F.

doi:10.5772/12976

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…(Liang et al, 2004), but not in agreement with Chen's research on lawn pennywort (Chen and Sun, 2002). This may result from low dose picloram having stronger activities for obtain auxin, promoting growth of tissues in vitro, and accelerating new protein synthesis (Jurado et al, 2011;Alayón-Luaces et al, 2012). In addition, previous studies have shown that high dose picloram can inhibit the synthesis of α-amylase and protein hydrolase (Nelson and Lym, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of picloram herbicide on physiological responses of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng

Liu

Wang

et al. 2014

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng., a major invasive weed in southwestern China, has caused great economic losses. In order to find a new herbicide to control E. adenophorum, experiments were conducted to study its physiological and biochemical responses to low and high doses of picloram herbicide (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropyridine-2-carboxylic acid). Electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, and free proline were stimulated by picloram, showing a remarkably increase (p < 0.05) with high herbicide concentration (60, 120, and 240 g ai ha -1 ). The treated plants exhibited lower osmotic adjustment capacity, high dosage lipid peroxide levels and more free-proline accumulation. It was found that low doses (12 and 24 g ai ha -1 ) of picloram initially increased catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutases and protein, but these indicators decreased (p < 0.05) with the increase of treating time (after 3 d) and dose (120 and 240 g ai ha -1 ). In addition, the structures of chloroplasts and mitochondria were seriously deformed. These results indicated E. adenophorum can improve its herbicide-tolerance by increasing the antioxidative system activity at the initial period of low picloram stress. However, this protective function disappeared with increasing of treating time and picloram dosage. Eupatorium adenophorum responded differently to low and high concentrations of picloram and ultrastructural changes are an important cause of death in E. adenophorum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of picloram herbicide on physiological responses of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng

Liu

Wang

et al. 2014

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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“…The use of agrochemicals is necessary to control pests and increase yields in order to produce adequate food for the global population, estimated at 6.8 billion in 2009 [1], and recently reported to have reached 7 billion [2]. Developing countries, where 1.02 billion people (15 %) are undernourished and 1.3 billion people (19 %) live on an inadequate diet [1], need an adequate food supply.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicology of Glyphosate and Glyphosate-Based Herbicides — Toxicity to Wildlife and Humans

Mensah¹,

Palmer²,

Odume³

2015

Toxicity and Hazard of Agrochemicals

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The use of agrochemicals, especially herbicides, is necessary to control pests in order to produce adequate food for the global population estimated at billion . Glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides have been used extensively for this purpose but recent studies have reported these chemical substances to be found in aquatic ecosystems, wildlife and humans in various quantities. In this chapter, we reviewed the impacts of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides on wildlife and humans using measured endpoint effects caused by genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and reproductive toxicity. We used findings from different current investigations to demonstrate adverse effects, or otherwise, of glyphosate exposure to wildlife and humans. Our review reveals that glyphosate and its formulations may not only be considered as having genotoxic, cytotoxic or endocrine disrupting properties but they may also be causative agents of reproduction abnormalities in both wildlife and humans.Furthermore, the extensive use of glyphosate-based herbicides in genetically modified glyphosate-resistant plants grown for food and feed should be of grave concern since they can be sources of genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity in wildlife and humans.

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“…Lewis & Devereux [55] provided the first review on non-nutrient anthropogenic chemicals in seagrass ecosystems, summarizing all publications on seagrass -and finding only ten on herbicide impact on seagrass. Herbicide effects have been summarized by Jurado et al [63]. The biochemical target of many herbicides is PhotoSystem II (P680), acting in photosynthesis as a photon-electron converting disruptor.…”

Section: Predominant Pesticide Effects Applied To Seagrass Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbicide Impact on Seagrass Communities

Devault¹,

Pascaline²

2013

Herbicides - Current Research and Case Studies in Use

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Herbicides: the Face and the Reverse of the Coin. An in Vitro Approach to the Toxicity of Herbicides in Non-Target Organisms

Cited by 28 publications

References 117 publications

Effect of picloram herbicide on physiological responses of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng

Effect of picloram herbicide on physiological responses of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng

Ecotoxicology of Glyphosate and Glyphosate-Based Herbicides — Toxicity to Wildlife and Humans

Herbicide Impact on Seagrass Communities

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