Heroin addiction and road traffic accidents.

Edwards, Griffin Sims; Quartaro, P J

doi:10.1136/bmj.2.6153.1710-a

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Finally, the NHIRD only provides information regarding the dispensing of prescribed medications. Because nonadherence is considered a potential confounder, caution should be exercised when comparing our findings with the results reported by other groups in which data are collected from clinical settings ( Chang et al, 2013 ; Engeland et al, 2007 ; World Health Organization, 2004 ; Babst et al, 1973 ; Blomberg and Preusser, 1974 ; Maddux et al, 1977 ; Gibson et al, 2009 ; Edwards and Quartaro, 1978 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Analgesic opioid users have a 1.8 times higher motor vehicle collision risk than do nonusers ( Leveille et al, 1994 ; Gibson et al, 2009 ). Similarly, heroin users have higher motor vehicle collision risk than do healthy people ( Edwards and Quartaro, 1978 ). Thus, opiate use history must be identified when estimating motor vehicle collision risks related to MMT use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk of motor vehicle collisions after methadone use

Yang

et al. 2021

eLife

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Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) can alleviate opioid dependence. However, MMT possibly increases the risk of motor vehicle collisions. The current study investigated preliminary estimation of motor vehicle collision incidence rates. Furthermore, in this population-based retrospective cohort study with frequency-matched controls, opiate adults receiving MMT (cases) and those not receiving MMT (controls) were identified at a 1:2 ratio by linking data from several nationwide administrative registry databases. From 2009 to 2016, the crude incidence rate of motor vehicle collisions was the lowest in the general adult population, followed by that in opiate adults, and it was the highest in adults receiving MMT. The incidence rates of motor vehicle collisions were significantly higher in opiate users receiving MMT than in those not receiving MMT. Kaplan–Meier curves of the incidence of motor vehicle collisions differed significantly between groups, with a significant increased risk during the first 90 days of follow-up. In conclusion, drivers receiving MMT have higher motor vehicle collision risk than those not receiving MMT in opiate users, and it is worthy of noticing road safety in such drivers, particularly during the first 90 days of MMT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of motor vehicle collisions after methadone use

Yang

et al. 2021

eLife

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“…One study investigated the use of heroin and motor vehicle collision. In this survey of heroin addicts, 34% claimed to have been involved in a motor vehicle collision when high (Edwards and Quartaro 1978) As for cocaine, a survey of adults in Ontario, Canada (n=8,107), found that self-reported cocaine use was associated with a two-time increase of motor vehicle collisions (Stoduto, Mann et al 2012). A self-reported survey conducted in Spain also found a significant increase of motor vehicle collisions among drivers who used cocaine at least once per week (Pulido, Barrio et al 2011).…”

Section: The Effects Of Individual Illicit Drugs On Motor Vehicle Colmentioning

confidence: 91%

Drug Use and the Risk of Motor Vehicle Collision in Adults 65 Years of Age and Older

Rudisill¹

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The population of adults 65 years of age and older is growing at an exponential rate in the United States. The current generation of older adults is more mobile and driving much later in life compared to previous cohorts. While the current generation of older adults is living longer, they are not necessarily healthier. Older adults consume roughly 30% of all written prescriptions, are the largest consumers of over-the-counter medications, and report a higher prevalence of lifetime licit and illicit drug use compared to previous generations. There is concern that many older adults will drive while taking drugs-either illicit or licit-that will interfere with their ability to safely operate a motor vehicle. Licit and illicit drug use is largely understudied in this population of drivers, particularly in the United States. Methods: This study employed a systematic review to discern which individual licit drugs were associated with increased risk/odds of motor vehicle collision, a cross-sectional analysis of a national traffic fatality database to discern which types of licit and/or illicit drugs and combinations were most prevalent among fatally injured senior drivers compared to middle-aged drivers, and a case-crossover study using electronic medical records to assess the risk that individual licit drugs pose to drivers 65 years of age and older in West Virginia who were admitted to medical treatment following a motor vehicle collision. Results: Among the 53 specific medications investigated by the 27 studies included in the systematic review, 15 medications (28.3%) were associated with an increased risk of motor vehicle collision. The medications that were associated with an increased risk of collision were:

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The influence of analgesic drugs in road crashes

Chesher

1985

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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Heroin addiction and road traffic accidents.

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Risk of motor vehicle collisions after methadone use

Risk of motor vehicle collisions after methadone use

Drug Use and the Risk of Motor Vehicle Collision in Adults 65 Years of Age and Older

The influence of analgesic drugs in road crashes

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