Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection of the Rat Enteric Nervous System Evokes Small-Bowel Neuromuscular Abnormalities

Brun, Paola; Giron, Maria Cecilia; Zoppellaro, Chiara; Bin, Anna; Porzionato, Andrea; De, Raffaele; Barbara, Giovanni; Stanghellini, Vincenzo; Corinaldesi, Roberto; Zaninotto, Giovanni; Palù, Giorgio; Gaion, R.M.; Tonini, Marcello; Giorgio, Roberto De; Castagliuolo, Ignazio

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.01.036

Cited by 32 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Fragmentation of intermediate neuronal filaments peripherin and βIII-tubulin, alteration of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) levels, and under- or over-expression of the glial marker S100β are usually associated with intestinal neuropathology and motor dysfunction [9,22]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2,4]. In this study, we took advantage of a novel murine model of intestinal motor disorder, caused by a complex ENS dysfunction secondary to HSV-1 infection [9], to test the effect of the probiotic yeast S . boulardii CNCM I-745.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 2 hours, monolayers were then covered with nutrient medium supplemented with 2% sterile agar to prevent the virus spreading to nearby uninfected cells. Plates were incubated for additional 46 hours and plaques produced at particular dilution were counted to provide the number of infectious virions as means plaque-forming units (PFU) per milliliter [9]. Viral stocks were aliquoted and stored at −80°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our research group has established an animal model of persistent infection with Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in the ENS [9]. The persistent viral infection of the ENS leads to gastrointestinal neuromuscular structural and functional anomalies (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The persistent viral infection of the ENS leads to gastrointestinal neuromuscular structural and functional anomalies (i.e. gut dysmotility followed by periods of regular GI transit) and to a slight mucosal inflammation mimicking, at least in part, those described in IBS [9]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 supplementation reduces gastrointestinal dysfunction in an animal model of IBS

et al. 2017

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BackgroundWe evaluated the effect of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 on intestinal neuromuscular anomalies in an IBS-type mouse model of gastrointestinal motor dysfunctions elicited by Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) exposure.MethodsMice were inoculated intranasally with HSV-1 (102 PFU) or vehicle at time 0 and 4 weeks later by the intragastric (IG) route (108 PFU). Six weeks after IG inoculum, mice were randomly allocated to receive oral gavage with either S. boulardii (107 CFU/day) or vehicle. After 4 weeks the following were determined: a) intestinal motility using fluorescein-isothiocyanate dextran distribution in the gut, fecal pellet expulsion, stool water content, and distal colonic transit of glass beads; b) integrity of the enteric nervous system (ENS) by immunohistochemistry on ileal whole-mount preparations and western blot of protein lysates from ileal longitudinal muscle and myenteric plexus; c) isometric muscle tension with electric field and pharmacological (carbachol) stimulation of ileal segments; and d) intestinal inflammation by levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-10 and IL-4.ResultsS. boulardii CNCM I-745 improved HSV-1 induced intestinal dysmotility and alteration of intestinal transit observed ten weeks after IG inoculum of the virus. Also, the probiotic yeast ameliorated the structural alterations of the ENS induced by HSV-1 (i.e., reduced peripherin immunoreactivity and expression, increased glial S100β protein immunoreactivity and neuronal nitric oxide synthase level, reduced substance P-positive fibers). Moreover, S. boulardii CNCM I-745 diminished the production of HSV-1 associated pro-inflammatory cytokines in the myenteric plexus and increased levels of anti-inflammatory interleukins.ConclusionsS. boulardii CNCM I-745 ameliorated gastrointestinal neuromuscular anomalies in a mouse model of gut dysfunctions typically observed with irritable bowel syndrome.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 supplementation reduces gastrointestinal dysfunction in an animal model of IBS

et al. 2017

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Nerve Regeneration in Conditions of HSV‐Infection and an Antiviral Drug Influence

Gumenyuk

Рыбалко

Ryzha

et al. 2018

The Anatomical Record

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Herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-I) is a latent neuroinfection which can cause focal brain lesion. The role of HSV-infection in nerve regeneration has not been studied so far. The aim of the work was to study sciatic nerve regeneration in the presence of HSV-infection and the influence of an antiviral drug. BALB/c line mice were divided into five groups. Group 1 animals were infected with HSV-I. After resolution of neuroinfection manifestations the sciatic nerve of these animals was crushed. Group 2 mice were administered acyclovir following the same procedures. Groups 3-5 mice served as controls. Thirty days after the operation distal nerve stumps and m.gastrocnemius were studied morphologically and biochemically. Ultrastructural organization of the sciatic nerve in control animals remained intact. Morphometric parameters of the nerves from the experimental groups have not reach control values. However, in the group 1 diameter of nerve fibers was significantly smaller than in the group 2. Both nerve regeneration and m.gastrocnemius reinnervation were confirmed. The muscle hypotrophy was found in groups 1, 2, and 3 (the muscle fibers diameter decreased). Metabolic changes in the muscles of the infected animals (groups 1 and 2) were more pronounced than in control groups 3 and 4. The levels of TBA-active products, conjugated dienes, carbonyl and SH-groups were reduced in m.gastrocnemius of the experimental groups, however no significant difference associated with acyclovir administration was found. HSV-infection is not limited to the local neurodegenerative changes in the CNS but affects regeneration of the injured sciatic nerve. Anat Rec, 301:1734-1744, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Non-imaging Capsule Endoscopy: The Wireless Motility Capsule to Assess Gut Motility

Emmanuel

2014

Handbook of Capsule Endoscopy

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Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection of the Rat Enteric Nervous System Evokes Small-Bowel Neuromuscular Abnormalities

Cited by 32 publications

References 33 publications

Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 supplementation reduces gastrointestinal dysfunction in an animal model of IBS

Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 supplementation reduces gastrointestinal dysfunction in an animal model of IBS

Nerve Regeneration in Conditions of HSV‐Infection and an Antiviral Drug Influence

Non-imaging Capsule Endoscopy: The Wireless Motility Capsule to Assess Gut Motility

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