Herpetic Infection of the Middle and Lower Respiratory Tract

Nash, Gerald D.; Foley, F. D.

doi:10.1093/ajcp/54.6.857

Cited by 118 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…All can cause pneumonia. There is some evidence from autopsy studies which suggests that HSV from the oropharynx can be introduced into the lower respiratory tract during endotracheal intubation [11,12]. Another theory is that ARDS may cause reactivation of pre-existent herpes in the vagal ganglia with resultant herpes tracheobronchitis [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endobronchial pseudo-tumour caused by herpes simplex

Upadya

Tilluckdharry²,

Nagy³

et al. 2005

Eur Respir J

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Herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes tracheobronchitis and pneumonitis; however, to date, there has only been one report of an endobronchial mass caused by HSV type II.This case study describes a 68-yr-old female with severe kyphoscoliosis who was intubated for acute on chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure and developed blood-tinged endotracheal secretions.Fibreoptic bronchoscopy demonstrated an endobronchial mass in the right middle lobe. Cultures grew HSV type I and biopsy specimens demonstrated cytopathological changes consistent with HSV infection. This is the first reported case of HSV type I presenting as an endobronchial tumour.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endobronchial pseudo-tumour caused by herpes simplex

Upadya

Tilluckdharry²,

Nagy³

et al. 2005

Eur Respir J

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“…Viral burn wound infections have been reported to be very rare (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). As with surgical wounds, thermal injuries destroy the barrier function of skin, enabling the passage of viruses (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral infections and wounds

Karsan¹

1998

CAN J PLAST SURG

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“…It has been described in immunosuppressed patients [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], in neonates who contract it in the birth canal [22], and in four autopsy series [23][24][25][26]. In those series which examined all autopsies in a given hospital, the incidence of pulmonary HSV ranged 0.002-0.01% [23,24], but in a study concentrating on burns patients alone the incidence was 10% [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NASH and FOLEY [26] identified 15 patients with herpetic involvement of the lower respiratory tract, 14 of whom had burn injuries. Infection was located in the trachea and bronchi in 37 of the cases pooled from four autopsy series [23][24][25][26], and in the parenchyma of 13 patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary herpes simplex in burns patients

Byers

Ps²,

Quigley

et al. 1996

Eur Respir J

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P Pu ul lm mo on na ar ry y h he er rp pe es s s si im mp pl le ex x i in n b bu ur rn ns s p pa at ti ie en nt ts s R.J. Byers*, P.S. Hasleton + , A. Quigley + , C. Dennett* ABSTRACT: In this study we aimed to determine the incidence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in the lungs of burns patients, and its association with the presence of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pneumonia. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for HSV was performed on lung tissue from 54 patients who had died following burn injury and from nine control cases. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HSV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was performed on a subset both of burns cases and controls.No viral inclusions were detected in H&E sections, but 50% of the burns cases were positive for HSV by IHC staining; no control cases were positive. Nuclear and cytoplasmic immunopositivity for HSV was seen in macrophages and epithelial lining cells. HSV was strongly associated with ARDS (p=0.007), but not with pneumonia (p=0.577). The relative risk of HSV infection was higher for cases with ARDS (2.21) than for those with pneumonia (1.26). PCR for HSV DNA was positive in three out of five burns cases, and in one out of five control cases.Immunohistochemical staining is more sensitive for the detection of herpes simplex virus than haematoxylin and eosin staining for detection of viral inclusions. Burns cases have a high incidence of pulmonary herpes simplex virus infection. Polymerase chain reaction results may not be fully representative due to problems of tissue necrosis postmortem. Pulmonary herpes simplex virus is strongly associated with adult respiratory distress syndrome and the two may be causally linked. Early detection and treatment of pulmonary herpes simplex virus in burns patients may reduce pulmonary complications and mortality.

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Herpetic Infection of the Middle and Lower Respiratory Tract

Cited by 118 publications

References 0 publications

Endobronchial pseudo-tumour caused by herpes simplex

Endobronchial pseudo-tumour caused by herpes simplex

Viral infections and wounds

Pulmonary herpes simplex in burns patients

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