Heteroaromatic organic compound with conjugated multi-carbonyl as cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries

Abstract

The heteroaromatic organic compound, N,N’-diphenyl-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetra- carboxylic diimide (DP-NTCDI-250) as the cathode material of lithium batteries is prepared through a simple one-pot N-acylation reaction of 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetra-carboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA) with phenylamine (PA) in DMF solution followed by heat treatment in 250 °C. The as prepared sample is characterized by the combination of elemental analysis, NMR, FT-IR, TGA, XRD, SEM and TEM. The electrochemical measurements show that DP-NTCDI-250 can deliver an initial discharge capacity of 170 mAh g−1 at the current density of 25 mA g−1. The capacity of 119 mAh g−1 can be retained after 100 cycles. Even at the high current density of 500 mA g−1, its capacity still reaches 105 mAh g−1, indicating its high rate capability. Therefore, the as-prepared DP-NTCDI-250 could be a promising candidate as low cost cathode materials for lithium batteries.

Sustainable Energy Storage: Recent Trends and Developments toward Fully Organic Batteries

“…For example, cells with the NDI analogs of the abovementioned acetate‐containing diimides featured significantly improved long‐term stability . In contrast, a likewise simple NDI, N , N ′‐diphenyl‐NDI, showed a stable discharge voltage in a hybrid lithium‐ion cell but a capacity loss of 25 % over only 100 cycles . Perylene diimide features an even larger aromatic system, offering a potentially higher stabilization of charged states and was used by Cao and co‐workers in a hybrid lithium‐ion cell, which showed a stable voltage and a specific capacity of 110 mAh g −1 (80 % of the theoretical value) that remained stable over 200 cycles .…”

Molecular Design Strategies for Electrochemical Behavior of Aromatic Carbonyl Compounds in Organic and Aqueous Electrolytes

“…[93][94][95][96] PA-4 and PA-5, containing COONa (sodiumoxy carbonyl groups) and SOOONa (sodium sulfonate groups), respectively, exhibited good solubility inertia. Inorganic, strongly polarizing groups, such as lithiumoxy (O-Li), carboxylates, and sulfonates, inhibit dissolution.…”

Synthesis and Exploration of Ladder‐Structured Large Aromatic Dianhydrides as Organic Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…During the 1 st charging process, NDA‐4N shows two plateaus. The 1 st plateau is observed between around 2.18 and 2.40 V, and the 2 nd plateau is located between around 2.40 and 2.80 V. These two plateaus were associated with the reduction process that lithium‐ions were accepted by NDA‐4N to form lithium enolate . By contrast, for PDA‐4N one general plateau was observed between 2.23 and 2.76 V during the reduction process .…”

“…The results are in agreement with the electrochemical activity of NDA‐ and PDA‐based cathode materials, which are usually explained by the occurrence of a reversible two‐electron transport during the reduction and oxidation. In particular, the first pair of redox peaks of NDA‐4N is centered at 2.29 and 2.72 V and can be attributed to the insertion/deinsertion of the first two lithium‐ions, and the other two lithium‐ions are inserted/deinserted at 2.16 and 2.36 V . However, for PDA‐4N, the reduction process occurs very fast as it could be noticed that the two cathodic peaks (at 2.12 and 2.18 V) are quite close (see inset of Figure d for an enlarged profile).…”