Heterogeneity in temporal self-appraisals following exposure to potentially traumatic life events: A latent profile analysis

Mental Time Travel in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Current Gaps and Future Directions

“…Taken together, these findings indicate that the perception of trauma as central to one's future may be more damaging than the perception of trauma as central to one's current self. Second, studies examining temporal self-appraisals in PTSD show that while trauma-exposed individuals without PTSD hold a relatively optimistic view of the future, this is less often the case among those with PTSD (Brown et al, 2011;Parnes et al, 2020). As mentioned, re-scripting future anticipated events, perhaps related to pretraumatic stress, may help to interrupt some of the trauma-related expectations held by individuals with PTSD.…”

Today's challenge may be tomorrow's hindrance (and vice versa): Longitudinal changes in employee’s appraisals of job demands and their outcomes

“…Indicators of appraisals can be combined in various ways, that is, more as a hindrance, more as a challenge, or both, in different quantities. For instance a recent study showed that there is considerable heterogeneity in self‐appraisals following exposure to potentially traumatic life events, and that three distinct profiles of appraisal styles could be distinguished: An optimistic profile, a pessimistic profile, and a so‐called ‘from chump to champ’ profile, where participants improved self‐appraisals over time (Parnes et al., 2020).…”

“…Recent empirical studies in appraisals have shown that challenge and hindrance appraisals of demands can be deployed simultaneously to varying degrees (Li et al., 2020). For instance Parnes, Boals, Brown, and Eubank (2020) recently showed that there is great heterogeneity in the appraisal of traumatic life events, and that distinct profiles of appraisal styles exist among populations (i.e. optimistic, ‘chump to champ’ and pessimistic profiles).…”

Looking on the Bright and Dark Sides of Working Life: Appraisals of Work Characteristics and Employee Outcomes

“…In particular, indicators of appraisals can be combined in various ways, that is, more as a hindrance, more as a challenge, or both in different quantities. For instance, a recent study showed that there is considerable heterogeneity in self-appraisals following exposure to potentially traumatic life events, and that three distinct profiles of appraisal styles could be distinguished: An optimistic profile, a pessimistic profile, and a so-called "from chump to champ" profile, where participants improved self-appraisals over time (Parnes et al, 2020).…”

“…For instance, a recent study by Parnes, Boals, Brown, and Eubank (2020) showed that there is great heterogeneity in the appraisal of traumatic life events, and that distinct profiles of appraisal styles exist among populations (i.e., optimistic, "chump to champ", and pessimistic profiles). It is possible that some people perceive certain demands as high-challenge and lowhindrance, while others perceive the same demands as high-hindrance and low-challenge (Staufenbiel & König, 2010;Van Laethem, Beckers, de Bloom, Sianoja, & Kinnunen, 2018).…”