Heterogeneity of Toxin-Producing Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins in Coastal Watersheds of Southern California

Tatters, Avery O.; Howard, Meredith D.A.; Nagoda, Carey; Fetscher, A. Elizabeth; Kudela, Raphael M.; Caron, David A.

doi:10.1007/s12237-019-00546-w

Cited by 10 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…In addition to high concentrations detected in Lake Elsinore, cyanotoxins were also chronically detected in water and SPATT samples, across multiple months and seasons, similar to findings in other studies of California waters ( Kudela, 2011 ; Gibble and Kudela 2014 ; Gibble et al, 2016 ; Howard et al, 2017 ; Peacock et al, 2018 ; Tatters et al, 2019 ). Microcystins exceeded one of the three California health thresholds in most samples and recreational swimming was not recommended 68% of the time because of recreational health threshold exceedance ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…A recent study has also shown that for MC-LR and anatoxin-a specifically, the response can be synergistic or antagonistic, depending on the test organism ( Metcalf and Codd, 2020 ). The co-occurrence of multiple cyanotoxins from a single location has been documented in other studies, both within and outside the United States ( Graham et al, 2010 ; Gkelis and Zaoutsos, 2014 ; Rodriquez et al, 2014; Sabart et al, 2015 ; Pekar et al, 2016 ), and in California ( Howard et al, 2017 ; Tatters et al, 2017 , 2019 ; Bouma-Gregson et al, 2018 ; Peacock et al, 2018 ). Studies characterizing the consequences of exposure to multiple cyanotoxins for human, wildlife, and ecological health would help address this gap in knowledge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Cyanotoxins were detected at concentrations that frequently exceeded California recreational health thresholds ( Table 1 ) and were persistently detected throughout the study period. The cyanotoxin concentrations detected during this study are currently the highest recorded concentrations of microcystins, anatoxin-a, and cylindrospermopsin in southern California lakes and estuaries ( Magrann et al, 2015 ; Howard et al, 2017 ; Tatters et al, 2019 ), and among the highest reported within California lakes ( Kudela, 2011 ). The sea otter mortality event reported in Miller et al (2010) documented microcystin concentrations in Pinto Lake of 2,900 μg L −1 , substantially lower than the maximum concentrations detected in Lake Elsinore.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Cylindrospermopsin has rarely been detected in California and the exceedance of California recreational health thresholds was unexpected, and further study would be beneficial to better characterize the temporal occurrence of this toxin and to investigate the sources of production ( Loftin et al, 2016 ; Howard et al, 2017 ; Tatters et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple co-occurring and persistently detected cyanotoxins and associated cyanobacteria in adjacent California lakes

Howard¹,

Kudela

Hayashi

et al. 2021

Toxicon

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple co-occurring and persistently detected cyanotoxins and associated cyanobacteria in adjacent California lakes

Howard¹,

Kudela

Hayashi

et al. 2021

Toxicon

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“…Cyanobacteria frequently contribute to HABs in freshwater systems and are able to produce highly potent toxins, known as cyanotoxins. A large number of cyanotoxins have been reported from different species of cyanobacteria, including microcystins ( Microcystis , Anabaena , Hapalosiphon , Dolichospermum , Gloeotrichia , Nostoc , Oscillatoria , Phormidium / Microcoleus , and Synechocystis ), nodularins ( Nodularia , Nostoc , and Iningainema ), anatoxins ( Anabaena , Aphanizomenon , Cylindrospermum , Dolichospermum Planktothrix , Oscillatoria , Geitlerinema , Phormidium / Microcoleus , and Tychonema ), cylindrospermopsins ( Oscillatoria and Raphidiopsis ), lyngbyatoxin-a ( Lyngbya ), saxitoxins ( Anabaena , Aphanizomenon , Cylindrospermum , Lyngbya , Phormidium , and Raphidiopsis ), and aplysiatoxins ( Lyngbya , Schizothrix , and Oscillatoria ) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Cyanotoxins and Prymnesins in Water, Fish Tissue, and Other Matrices: A Review

Sundaravadivelu

Sanan

Venkatapathy

et al. 2022

Toxins

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Harmful algal blooms (HABs) and their toxins are a significant and continuing threat to aquatic life in freshwater, estuarine, and coastal water ecosystems. Scientific understanding of the impacts of HABs on aquatic ecosystems has been hampered, in part, by limitations in the methodologies to measure cyanotoxins in complex matrices. This literature review discusses the methodologies currently used to measure the most commonly found freshwater cyanotoxins and prymnesins in various matrices and to assess their advantages and limitations. Identifying and quantifying cyanotoxins in surface waters, fish tissue, organs, and other matrices are crucial for risk assessment and for ensuring quality of food and water for consumption and recreational uses. This paper also summarizes currently available tissue extraction, preparation, and detection methods mentioned in previous studies that have quantified toxins in complex matrices. The structural diversity and complexity of many cyanobacterial and algal metabolites further impede accurate quantitation and structural confirmation for various cyanotoxins. Liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (LC–MS/MS) to enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of toxin analysis has become an essential tool for cyanotoxin detection and can potentially be used for the concurrent analysis of multiple toxins.

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Integrative monitoring strategy for marine and freshwater harmful algal blooms and toxins across the freshwater‐to‐marine continuum

Howard¹,

Smith

Caron

et al. 2022

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Many coastal states throughout the USA have observed negative effects in marine and estuarine environments caused by cyanotoxins produced in inland waterbodies that were transported downstream or produced in the estuaries. Estuaries and other downstream receiving waters now face the dual risk of impacts from harmful algal blooms (HABs) that occur in the coastal ocean as well as those originating in inland watersheds. Despite this risk, most HAB monitoring efforts do not account for hydrological connections in their monitoring strategies and designs. Monitoring efforts in California have revealed the persistent detection of cyanotoxins across the freshwater‐to‐marine continuum. These studies underscore the importance of inland waters as conduits for the transfer of cyanotoxins to the marine environment and highlight the importance of approaches that can monitor across hydrologically connected waterbodies. A HAB monitoring strategy is presented for the freshwater‐to‐marine continuum to inform HAB management and mitigation efforts and address the physical and hydrologic challenges encountered when monitoring in these systems. Three main recommendations are presented based on published studies, new datasets, and existing monitoring programs. First, HAB monitoring would benefit from coordinated and cohesive efforts across hydrologically interconnected waterbodies and across organizational and political boundaries and jurisdictions. Second, a combination of sampling modalities would provide the most effective monitoring for HAB toxin dynamics and transport across hydrologically connected waterbodies, from headwater sources to downstream receiving waterbodies. Third, routine monitoring is needed for toxin mixtures at the land–sea interface including algal toxins of marine origins as well as cyanotoxins that are sourced from inland freshwater or produced in estuaries. Case studies from California are presented to illustrate the implementation of these recommendations, but these recommendations can also be applied to inland states or regions where the downstream receiving waterbody is a freshwater lake, reservoir, or river. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:586–604. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).

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Heterogeneity of Toxin-Producing Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins in Coastal Watersheds of Southern California

Cited by 10 publications

References 83 publications

Multiple co-occurring and persistently detected cyanotoxins and associated cyanobacteria in adjacent California lakes

Multiple co-occurring and persistently detected cyanotoxins and associated cyanobacteria in adjacent California lakes

Determination of Cyanotoxins and Prymnesins in Water, Fish Tissue, and Other Matrices: A Review

Integrative monitoring strategy for marine and freshwater harmful algal blooms and toxins across the freshwater‐to‐marine continuum

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