Heterogeneous propagation of spreading depolarizations in the lissencephalic and gyrencephalic brain

Abstract

In the recently published article, "Heterogeneous incidence and propagation of spreading depolarizations," it is shown, in vivo and in vitro, how KCl-induced spreading depolarizations in mouse and rat brains can be highly variable, and that they are not limited, as once thought, to a concentric, isotropic, or homogenous depolarization wave in space or in time. The reported results serve as a link between the different species, and this paper contributes to changing the way in which SD expansion is viewed in the lissencephalic brain. Here, we discuss their results with our previous observations made in the gyrencephalic swine brain, in computer simulations, and in the human brain.

Characterization of Intrinsic Optical Signal during Spreading Depolarization

“…Additionally, sulcus and pial vessels are able to limit SD propagation and modify the propagation direction. And, the vessels modification is unpredictable [37].…”

Spreading Depolarization Waves in Neurological Diseases: A Short Review about its Pathophysiology and Clinical Relevance

“…They have much less cortical foldings. A recent study compared SDs in swine, rat and human brains and observed that in addition to the differences in the propagation patterns due to anatomical differences, both lissencephalic and gyrencephalic brains exhibit heterogeneous propagation of SD waves [183]. Furthermore, Santos et al .…”

Simulation of spreading depolarization trajectories in cerebral cortex: Correlation of velocity and susceptibility in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

“…The propagation of SD usually shows deviations from concentricity in both liss- and gyrencephalic brains ( Kaufmann et al, 2017 , Santos et al, 2017 ). An apparent tropism of SD for superficial layers, rather than deeper layers of cortex, has been repeatedly reported ( Basarsky et al, 1998 , Bogdanov et al, 2011 , Grafstein, 1956 , Herreras and Somjen, 1993 , Richter and Lehmenkuhler, 1993 ).…”

“…Cycling of SD was moreover observed around electrically stimulated areas, epileptic foci or ischemic zones ( Koroleva and Bures, 1979 , Nakamura et al, 2010 ). It has been advanced as an explanation for the periodicity in clusters of SDs ( Nakamura et al, 2010 , Santos et al, 2017 , Scholl et al, 2017 ).…”