Single injections of 'Bordetella pertussis' were administered to BDF1 mice, and levels of colony forming cells (CFC) in bone marrow and spleen were determined at selected time intervals after injection. Our studies demonstrated that such injections have multiphasic effects on the levels of CFC present in bone marrow and spleen. To test whether the immune response was altered by 'B. pertnssis', cultured spleen cells from treated mice were measured for their ability to produce plaque forming cells (PFC), in vitro, and to participate in mixed cell interactions, in vitro. Augmentation or suppression of the immune response in vitro depended on the inoculum size of cultured cells as well as the time of assay after injection.