Hexadecane (C₁₆H₃₄) + 1-Hexadecanol (C₁₆H₃₃OH) Binary System:  Crystal Structures of the Components and Experimental Phase Diagram. Application to Thermal Protection of Liquids

Abstract

The experimental temperature−composition phase diagram of the binary system between hexadecane (C16H34) and 1-hexadecanol (C16H33OH) has been established by combining thermal analysis and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Beforehand, crystal structures of the solid ordered phases of the components involved were determined from XRD data. Hexadecane displays a triclinic form Tp belonging to the space group P1̄, with Z = 1. The unit cell dimensions are a = 4.269 Å, b = 4.811 Å, c = 22.34 Å, α = 84.54°, β = 67.43°, and γ = 73.00°. 1-Hexadecanol displays a monoclinic form γ belonging to the space group A2/a with Z = 8. The unit cell dimensions are a = 8.980 Å, b = 4.939 Å, c = 87.91 Å, and β = 122.63°. The phase diagram between both components is characterized by two invariants, a eutectic (located at T = 289.5 K) and a metatectic (located at T = 318.8 K). The miscibility in the solid state is very restricted, limited to the regions rich in C16H34 and C16H33OH. Resulting alloys have led to the design of a double-wall glass for the thermal protection of liquid products between 13 and 18 °C, effective for 4.5 h in an external environmental temperature of 24 °C.

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