Mercury and selenium
are two typical heavy metal pollutants in
coal combustion flue gas. The adsorption mechanism of Se0 and SeO2 over an activated carbon (AC) adsorbent and
the specific role of selenium species in Hg0 elimination
were systematically studied by density functional theory calculation.
The adsorption complex structures of a single Se0 atom
and SeO2 molecule on the AC surface were optimized. The
adsorption energy in a range of −238.97 to −545.80 kJ/mol
indicated that chemisorption was the main adsorption mechanism. The
adsorption properties of multiple Se0 atoms and SeO2 molecules on the AC surface were studied, and the most possible
adsorption pathway was given. Multi-Se0 atoms preferred
to adsorb on neighboring active sites of the AC surface to share their
atomic orbitals. Instead, multi-SeO2 molecules preferred
to occupy the active sites of the AC surface without any interaction.
The multicomponent adsorption processes of Hg0 and selenium
species on the AC surface were studied by calculating adsorption energies,
electron charge transfer, and atomic bond populations. For the coadsorption
of Hg0 and Se0, they preferred to adsorb on
different carbon atoms in a separate way. In contrast, SeO2 tends to decompose into Se and SeO ions, and Hg0 can
achieve stable configuration through interacting with the SeO ion
and AC surface with an adsorption energy of −354.92 kJ/mol.
This study indicated future potential for applying activated carbon
in multicomponent adsorption of selenium and mercury in coal combustion
flue gases.