Hidden aspects of urban planning: surface and underground development

The modelling and visualization of digital geoscientific data as a communication aid to land-use planning in the urban environment: an example from the Thames Gateway

“…They also require geological data to ensure that sterilisation of resources or contaminative activities close to vulnerable aquifers do not occur. With these views firmly in mind, several authors such as: Brook & Marker (1987), Marker (1998), Bell & Culshaw (1998), Smith & Ellison (1999), Howland (2000), and Paul et al (2002) have suggested what types of geoscientific data planners and developers require: To find out why geoscientific information is not being fully used and applied, the views of around 20 stakeholders within the Thames Gateway region were sought from a variety of professions, including local and regional government, utility industries, government agencies, geotechnical and engineering companies and local development agencies and corporations. This information was combined with information from previous studies, such as: Nickless (1982), De Mulder (1988), Thompson et al (1998), Ellison et al (1998), Marker (1998) and Culshaw & Ellison (2002).…”

“…This requires planners to consider the social, economic and political needs of their area as well as the needs of the environment. Geological and geotechnical issues tend to appear well down the list of priorities (Paul et al 2002). All too often it is only after problems have occurred that attention is turned towards geological and geotechnical issues.…”

Urban Futures: the sustainable management of the ground beneath cities

“…and Paul et al, (2002) report that countries including Hong Kong, Singapore, the Netherlands, Canada and Denmark, have adopted underground space for uses including hydrocarbon storage, wastewater treatment, car parking and retail. The drivers for using underground space include limited above ground space, geomorphological controls (e.g.…”

An integrated planning concept for the emerging underground urbanism: Deep City Method Part 2 case study for resource supply and project valuation

“…An accurate estimation of underground mineral resources helps to project future exploitation according to technological level and human demand. The same principle is applied in urban subsurface development (Paul, Chow et al 2002), which requires a comprehensive knowledge basis for understanding the truth of natural assets beneath the cities.…”