Hierarchical Edge-Cloud Computing for Mobile Blockchain Mining Game

Jiang, Suhan; Wu, Jie

doi:10.1109/icdcs.2019.00133

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In [130], a blockchain-based resource allocation scheme is proposed in UAV-enabled edge computing environment, where the resources are allocated between edge computing stations (ECSs) Edge computing can be used to derive an optimal resource allocation scheme for blockchain mining tasks. In [131], a hierarchical Edge-Cloud computation offloading scheme is presented to obtain optimal resource pricing strategies by using game theory and RL technique. In [132], the Multi-leader Multi-follower game is used to formulate the interactions between miners and cloud / edge providers, and an Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) algorithm is adopted to cope with the standard Equilibrium Problem with Equilibrium Constraints (EPEC) challenge caused by the high dimensionality of each miner's strategy space, thereby obtaining the maximum profits of providers in consideration of utilities of miners.…”

Section: Edge Computing-enabled Blockchainmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Integration of Blockchain and Edge Computing in Internet of Things: A Survey

Xue¹,

Chen²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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As an important technology to ensure data security, consistency, traceability, etc., blockchain has been increasingly used in Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The integration of blockchain and edge computing can further improve the resource utilization in terms of network, computing, storage, and security. This paper aims to present a survey on the integration of blockchain and edge computing. In particular, we first give an overview of blockchain and edge computing. We then present a general architecture of an integration of blockchain and edge computing system. We next study how to utilize blockchain to benefit edge computing, as well as how to use edge computing to benefit blockchain. We also discuss the issues brought by the integration of blockchain and edge computing system and solutions from perspectives of resource management, joint optimization, data management, computation offloading and security mechanism. Finally, we analyze and summarize the existing challenges posed by the integration of blockchain and edge computing system and the potential solutions in the future.

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Section: Edge Computing-enabled Blockchainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the purpose of achieving maximum average profit of transcoding service, the ADMM-based solution is proposed in form of smart contracts Proposing a resources pricing and trading scheme by using Stackelberg game. Game Theory [131] Resource Pricing…”

Section: A Resource Management For Ibecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Blockchain and Edge Computing in Internet of Things: A Survey

Xue¹,

Chen²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In [15], dynamic resource allocation by combinatorial auction is mainly concentrated and the CA-PROVISION algorithm is used for providing pricing strategies. In [16], authors present a two-layer computation offloading paradigm that includes an edge computing provider (ECP) and a cloud computing provider (CCP) to jointly maximize the profits of each service provider and the payoffs of individual miners. In [17], a new model-free deep reinforcement learning-based online computation offloading approach was proposed for blockchainempowered mobile edge computing in which both mining tasks and data processing tasks are considered.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Resource Allocation Strategy in a Public Blockchain Supported by Edge Computing

Shao

Gong

Guo

et al. 2021

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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Blockchain, as an emerging distributed data management technology, has attracted extensive attention in recent years. In particular, a public blockchain network can ensure data security by addressing computationally intensive cryptographic tasks. Therefore, for node devices, sufficient computing power is required. However, mobile devices with limited computing power do not meet the conditions required by public blockchain network applications (OZEX, CoininAsia, BitRewards, etc.). To copy with the mentioned problems, nodes can offload computing tasks to edge computing services with low latency. This paper mainly focuses on the trade between edge computing providers (ECP) and nodes. We build a computational resource market model based on auction. Meanwhile, we propose two strategies to deal with two methods of offloading to achieve higher system profit. We also prove that the proposed strategy has individual rationality, authenticity under resource constraints. The simulation results have significance for administrators of a public blockchain network to improve the efficiency of computing resource allocation.

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“…(15) back into Eq. (12) and Eq. 13gives the explicit form of the solution to the OP miner problem, i.e., each miner's best response strategy.…”

Section: Run Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To this end, researchers have developed distributed decision making methodologies. In the field of mobile blockchain mining offloading [12,18,32], there are few works and most of them are in the PoW-mining scenario where mobile miners only offload their computation to a service provider. In our paper, we consider mining based on a PoC mechanism, thereby storage offloading, instead of computation offloading, becomes the core.…”

Section: Game Theory In Offloading Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

A game-theoretic approach to storage offloading in PoC-based mobile blockchain mining

Jiang

2020

Proceedings of the Twenty-First International Symposium on Theory, Algorithmic Foundations, and Protocol Design for Mobile Netw

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Proof of Capacity (PoC) is an eco-friendly alternative to Proof of Work for consensus in blockchains since it determines mining rights based on miners' storage rather than computation. In PoC, for every block, a miner executes hashing on part of his dedicated storage. The miner that comes up with the smallest hash value among all miners will win the block. PoC has yet to be applied to mobile applications, due to the storage limitation of mobile devices. Storage offloading can be a viable solution that allows miners to offload mining all files to a cloud storage. In each mining round, a miner can decide whether to mine on his local device or by a cloud virtual machine (VM). Self-mining requires no extra cost but it incurs download delay, which will reduce the chance of winning. Cloud-mining experiences no delay but it brings cost on VMs. This delay-cost tradeoff challenges each miner to determine a ratio between self-mining and cloud-mining to maximize his utility. We model interactions among miners as a non-cooperative game and formulate a Nash equilibrium problem to investigate the effects of offloading on miners' utilities. We analyze the existence and uniqueness of equilibrium and propose a distributed algorithm to achieve the equilibrium in a uniform-delay setting. Further, we extend our results to non-uniform delays since miners may choose different network settings, e.g. 5G, 4G, or 3G. Both numerical evaluation and testbed experiments on Burstcoin are conducted to show the feasibility of storage offloading and to validate the proposed models and theoretical results. CCS CONCEPTS • Networks → Mobile networks; Network economics; • Mathematics of computing → Distribution functions.

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Hierarchical Edge-Cloud Computing for Mobile Blockchain Mining Game

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

Integration of Blockchain and Edge Computing in Internet of Things: A Survey

Integration of Blockchain and Edge Computing in Internet of Things: A Survey

Computational Resource Allocation Strategy in a Public Blockchain Supported by Edge Computing

A game-theoretic approach to storage offloading in PoC-based mobile blockchain mining

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