High bonding strength between zirconia and composite resin based on combined surface treatment for dental restorations

Abstract

Zirconia is the preferred material for dental restorations; however, dental restorations are usually affected by zirconia fractures due to chipping and delamination of the veneer ceramic. One effective solution for repairing chemically inert zirconia frameworks is to strongly chemically bond them with the composite resin via surface modification. Thus, the bonding strength between the zirconia and composite resin determines the performance of dental restoration. Herein, we investigate the shear bond strength between zirconia ceramic and two ceramic repair systems before and after thermal cycling based on different surface pretreatments, including air-abrasion and a novel silane coupling agent. When treated with combined sandblasting, novel silane and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl hydrogen phosphate act as a bonding agent for the zirconia surface, and the maximum shear bond strength achieves 27.5 MPa, as measured by a universal testing machine through the average of 16 separate measurements. The results show that the combined treatment resists the interface damage caused by expansion and contraction during thermal cycling. The long-term bond durability is due to the micro-mechanical bond force formed by resin and ceramic, and the chemical bonds of Zr-O-Si at the interface. Results indicate that selective pretreating the surface results in high bond strength between the zirconia and the composite resin, which is meaningful to optimize dental restoration.

The resin bond to high‐translucent zirconia—A systematic review

“…The studies identified were published between 2017 and 2020. Data from the T A B L E 1 In vitro studies excluded from the second phase of the review Li et.al 2020 71 Maciel et.al 2020 72 Mendes et.al 2019 73 Nagaoka et.al 2019 74 Okada et.al 2017 75 Okutan et.al 2020 76 Omidi et.al 2018 77 Özdemir et.al 2019 78 Petrauskas et.al 2018 79 Ruyter et.al 2017 80 Saade et.al 2019 81 Saade et.al 2020 82 Saleh et.al 2019 Tabatabaei et.al 2018 90 Thammajaruk et.al 2020 91 Lümkemann et.al 2019 92 Zahoui et.al 2020 93 included studies were chronologically extracted in Table 2. Data extraction was performed using a predefined data extraction form as follows: author name, year of publication, zirconia generation, surface pretreatment method, primer, resin cement, aging procedure, bond strength values, and bonding failure mode analysis.…”

Effect of Different Surface Treatment Methods on the Shear Bond Strength of Resin Composite/Zirconia for Intra-oral Repair of Zirconia Restorations

“…Different intraoral repair techniques have been proposed for zirconia surface treatment to improve resin bonding. 7 These techniques are based on mechanical methods (e.g., grinding with bur and air particle abrasion), chemical methods (10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate [MDP] and other monomers such as 3-methacryloxypropyletrimethoxysilan [3-MPTS] 12 ) or a combined approach (e.g., tribochemical silica coating with silane primer [TBS]). 13 Several other surface treatments, such as laser irradiation and hot chemical etching, have also been explored to increase resin-to-zirconia bond strength.…”

Aspects and Principles of Material Connections in Restorative Dentistry—A Comprehensive Review

“…Testing consists of changing the temperature frequently within the selected limits, e.g., 5–55 °C. The results from this type of test allow researchers to see if the connection may be weakened by expansion and contraction during thermal cycling [ 32 ].…”

“…Sandblasting might lead to crystal transition of zirconium dioxide from the tetragonal phase to the monoclinic phase, which reduces the mechanical properties of the material. Therefore, it is necessary to follow the manufacturer’s recommendations regarding pressure and grain size of abrasive materials [ 32 ]. Tribochemical silica coating is a more effective method of bonding composite materials with zirconia than the silanization process.…”

“…However, some silanes can be more resistant to hydrolysis. In the last two years, there have been reports provided of the successful use of 1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)ethane (BTME) to bond zirconium oxide to a composite material [ 32 ]. Combination of functional (3-acryloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane with bis[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]amine showed superior hydrolytic stability compared with bis-1,2-(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTEE) [ 81 ].…”