High-capacity lightwave transmission experiments

Optical fiber amplifiers for WDM optical networks

“…Today, optical amplifiers and WDM technology offer an unprecedented cost-effective means to meet the ever-increasing demand for transport capacity, networking functionality, and operational flexibility. 6 The Fundamentals of EDFAs Erbium-doped fiber can be fabricated by several technologies. 7 Figure 1 shows the energy levels of the erbium ion and the associated spontaneous lifetime in the fiber glass host.…”

An intra- and inter-domain routing architecture for optical burst switched (OBS) networks

“…OSQ-aware forwarding and routing are challenging for several reasons: optical networks are not homogeneous with respect to signal quality; optical fiber does not behave as an ideal channel, especially at bit rates above 10 Gbit/s where a number of effects become more noticeable [11][12][13][14][15]; network elements also contribute to signal distortion; and operational OBS networks will likely have relatively large optically transparent domains, a disparate mix of fiber and switchgear, and will transport digital and analog signals at various rates between 2.5 Gbit/s and 160 Gbit/s. This will require sophisticated OSQ-aware mechanisms for forwarding and routing within domains that lack per-hop OEO conversions.…”

Integrated polarizers based on tapered highly birefringent photonic crystal fibers

“…Optical fiber devices for polarization management are essential components in fields such as optical telecommunications, in systems involving polarization multiplexing [1]; sensing, in schemes that use polarimetric and interferometric measurements to probe environmental parameters [2]; and inertial navigation, for the development of fiber gyroscopes [3]. In most cases, it is essential to obtain a single linear polarization, with sufficient suppression of the orthogonal polarization component.…”