High Capacity Mode-Division Multiplexed Optical Transmission in a Novel 37-cell Hollow-Core Photonic Bandgap Fiber

Sleiffer, V. A. J. M.; Jung, Yongmin; Baddela, N. K.; Surof, Janis; Kuschnerov, Maxim; Veljanovski, V.; Hayes, J. R.; Wheeler, Natalie V.; Fokoua, Eric Numkam; Wooler, J. P.; Gray, D. R.; Wong, Niki S.C.; Parmigiani, Francesca; Alam, Shaif-ul; Petrovich, M. N.; Poletti, F.; Richardson, David J.; Waardt, H. de

doi:10.1109/jlt.2013.2274194

Cited by 82 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Further studies have also shown that close to SM-free operation can be achieved even if the core surround is slightly thicker than T = S/2, which is compatible with the use of an extremely thin core tube [54]. More recently, the thin surround concept has also been applied in fibres with larger core defects formed by 19 and 37 missing capillaries [10,55]. While very wide bandwidths were achieved in these cases, unavoidable distortions in the region of the core surround due to the fact that surface tension favours the creation of a circular defect from the initial hexagonal core shape prevented the complete elimination of SMs from within the PBG.…”

Section: Surface Modesmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Using phase-plate-based mode multiplexing technology developed for telecoms applications, the detailed modal properties of the three lowest order modes (LP 01 , LP 11a,b ) were also investigated. Both [55]). For the first three fibres the corresponding simulated air-guided modes are also shown in the row below.…”

Section: Core Radius Number Of Air-modes and Modal Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the scattering loss scales approximately as R -3 (numerical simulations in [64] show this for the fundamental mode, but the same scaling applies to all modes of the fibre), increasing the core size from 7c to 19c and from 19c to 37c would theoretically lead to a loss reduction factor of ~4.6 and ~2.7, respectively. Prompted by this consideration, we recently reported the first high air-filling fraction 37c fibre, obtaining a minimum fundamental mode loss of 3.3 ± 0.8 dB/km at 1550 nm [55]. Whilst minor structural distortions caused significantly more scattering loss than expected from an ideal fibre, there is plenty of scope for further improvements and the result is a promising step towards further loss reduction.…”

Section: Propagation Loss In Hc-pbgfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results confirmed the possibility of exploiting Mode-Division Multiplexing (MDM) in these fibres as a means to increase the per-fibre capacity. Significant progress has now been made in this direction, from a first demonstration of MDM in a HC-PBGF [130] to the current record transmission capacity in these fibres, see Figure 10, [55]. To date, transmission on two mode groups (LP 01 and LP 11 -corresponding to 6 modes in total allowing for all degeneracies and polarisations) has been achieved with MIMO processing used to eliminate the effects of mode coupling within the system.…”

Section: Optical Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers: technology and applications

2013

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Since the early conceptual and practical demonstrations in the late 1990s, Hollow-Core Photonic Band Gap Fibres (HC-PBGFs) have attracted huge interest by virtue of their promise to deliver a unique range of optical properties that are simply not possible in conventional fibre types. HC-PBGFs have the potential to overcome some of the fundamental limitations of solid fibres promising, for example, reduced transmission loss, lower nonlinearity, higher damage thresholds and lower latency, amongst others. They also provide a unique medium for a range of light: matter interactions of various forms, particularly for gaseous media. In this paper we review the current status of the field, including the latest developments in the understanding of the basic guidance mechanisms in these fibres and the unique properties they can exhibit. We also review the latest advances in terms of fibre fabrication and characterisation, before describing some of the most important applications of the technology, focusing in particular on their use in gas-based fibre optics and in optical communications.

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Section: Surface Modesmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Core Radius Number Of Air-modes and Modal Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Propagation Loss In Hc-pbgfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optical Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers: technology and applications

2013

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“…We performed time-of-flight (ToF) measurements [9] on the 4MG-RCF under selective mode excitation to further characterize the multimode fiber impulse response, in particular the differential group delay (DGD) of the different spatial modes. The DGD over the full 25.3 km length of 4MG-RCF was too large to be unambiguously measured using the available equipment and hence a 1 km length of fiber was taken to accurately measure the DGDs of the fiber.…”

Section: Multimode Impulse Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Loss 25.3 km Few-Mode Ring-Core Fiber for Mode-Division Multiplexed Transmission

Jung

Kang

Zhou

et al. 2017

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-We report the design, fabrication and characterization of a few-mode ring-core fiber supporting 4 mode groups (i.e. 7 spatial modes including spatial degeneracies). By carefully designing the ring-core parameters, the fiber can support only single-radial-order modes, which enables weak intermodal coupling between higher-order modes and has potential to reduce the complexity of mode-division multiplexed digital signal processing. The low loss (~ 0.3dB/km) and long length (25.3km) RCF is successfully fabricated and they are both records for a ring-core fiber.

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Low‐Latency WDM Intensity‐Modulation and Direct‐Detection Transmission Over >100 km Distances in a Hollow Core Fiber

Hong

Bottrill

Bradley

et al. 2021

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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The pervasive digital economy, fueled by developments in datacenter networking and cloud/edge computing, relies ever increasingly on the implementation of short-to metro-range high-capacity, low-latency optical communication links. In this paper, it is demonstrated that the low spectrally flat chromatic dispersion and ultralow nonlinearity possible in hollow-core fibers (HCFs) compared to conventional solid-core fibers offer significant potential for the transmission of intensity-modulation and direct-detection (IM-DD) signals over 100-km-scale distances. Specifically, the longest HCF-only IM-DD wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) C-band transmission experiments (>100km) without chromatic dispersion compensation to date are reported, achieving reach improvements of approximately 5 times and 2 times compared to using standard single-mode fiber and non-zero dispersion-shifted fiber, respectively, in the same experimental recirculating loop set-up. For >100-km transmission, a significant >150-µs latency reduction can be obtained using HCF. These results, in combination with recent progress in loss reduction in HCFs, indicate that such fibers present a promising route to the realization of simple, cost-effective, high-capacity, ultra-low-latency IM-DD WDM transmission links with the potential to revolutionize optical networks in the years to come.

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High Capacity Mode-Division Multiplexed Optical Transmission in a Novel 37-cell Hollow-Core Photonic Bandgap Fiber

Cited by 82 publications

References 30 publications

Hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers: technology and applications

Hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers: technology and applications

Low-Loss 25.3 km Few-Mode Ring-Core Fiber for Mode-Division Multiplexed Transmission

Low‐Latency WDM Intensity‐Modulation and Direct‐Detection Transmission Over >100 km Distances in a Hollow Core Fiber

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