High cardiovascular reactivity and muscle strength attenuate hypotensive effects of isometric handgrip training in young women: A randomized controlled trial

Yamagata, Takashi; Sako, Takayuki

doi:10.1080/10641963.2020.1747482

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…For those articles in which information was not reported, but the methodology indicates that this information would have been recorded, the authors were contacted. The corresponding authors for three separate studies were contacted for additional data, of which one effectively responded with the relevant data and was subsequently included [11]. Studies retained for the next step of assessment were evaluated by full-text and considered if they reported prepost IET intervention BP changes, as well as at least one of the following secondary (mechanistic) outcomes: HR, SV, CO, total peripheral resistance (TPR), low frequency (LF) heart rate variability (HRV), high frequency (HF) HRV, LF/HF ratio, baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (BRS), brachial artery blood flow (BABF), brachial artery diameter (BAD), flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and peripheral pulse wave velocity (PWV).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms for blood pressure reduction following isometric exercise training: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Edwards

Wiles

O’Driscoll

2022

Journal of Hypertension

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Isometric exercise training (IET) is established as an effective antihypertensive intervention. Despite this, the physiological mechanisms driving blood pressure (BP) reductions following IET are not well understood. Therefore, we aimed to perform the first meta-analysis of the mechanistic changes measured following IET.Methods: PubMed, Cochrane library and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials published between January 2000 and December 2021 reporting the effects of IET on resting BP and at least one secondary mechanistic parameter following a shortterm intervention (2-12 weeks).Results: Eighteen studies with a pooled sample size of 628 participants were included in the final analysis. IET produced significant reductions in resting systolic and diastolic BP of 9.35 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI] ¼ À 7.80 to À10.89, P < 0.001) and 4.30 mmHg (CI ¼ À3.01 to À5.60, P < 0.001), respectively. Mechanistically, IET produced a statistically significant reduction in resting heart rate (mean difference [MD]: À1.55 bpm, CI ¼ À0.14 to À2.96, P ¼ 0.031) and a significant increase in stroke volume (MD: 6.35 ml, CI ¼ 0.35 to 12.60, P ¼ 0.038), with no significant change in cardiac output. Conversely, total peripheral resistance (TPR) significantly decreased following IET (MD: À100.38 dyne s À1 cm 5 , CI ¼ À14.16 to À186.61, P ¼ 0.023), with significant improvements in the low frequency to high frequency heart rate variability ratio (MD: À0.41, CI ¼ À0.09 to À0.73, P ¼ 0.013) and baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (MD: 7.43 ms/mmHg, P < 0.001). Conclusion:This work demonstrates that a reduction in TPR, potentially mediated through enhanced autonomic vasomotor control, is primarily responsible for BP reductions following IET. Furthermore, this novel analysis suggests wall squat interventions to be the most effective IET mode, with clinically relevant differences in BP reductions compared to handgrip and leg extension IET; although future direct comparative research is required.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms for blood pressure reduction following isometric exercise training: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Edwards

Wiles

O’Driscoll

2022

Journal of Hypertension

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“…Forty‐seven studies reported the chronic changes in resting blood pressure after isometric handgrip training (Ahmed et al, 2019; Allen et al, 2003; Alomari et al, 2010; Baddeley‐White et al, 2019; Badrov, Bartol, et al, 2013; Badrov, Horton, et al, 2013, 2016; Bank et al, 1998; Baross et al, 2017; Bentley et al, 2018; Cahu Rodrigues et al, 2020; Carlson et al, 2016; Correia et al, 2020; Dempster et al, 2018; Dobrosielski et al, 2009; Farah et al, 2018; Gandhi, 2016; Garg et al, 2014; Goessler et al, 2018; Herrod et al, 2019; Hess et al, 2016; Howden et al, 2002; Lara et al, 2015; McGowan et al, 2006; McGowan, Levy, et al, 2007; McGowan, Visocchi, et al, 2007; Millar et al, 2007, 2008, 2013; Mortimer & McKune, 2011; Ogbutor et al, 2019; Okamoto et al, 2020; Pagonas et al, 2017; Peters et al, 2006, Punia & Kulandaivelan, 2020; Ray & Carrasco, 2000; Saito et al, 2009; Sinoway et al, 1996; Somani et al, 2017, 2018; Somers et al, 1992; Souza et al, 2020; Stiller‐Moldovan et al, 2012; Taylor et al, 2003; Wiley et al, 1992; Yamagata & Sako, 2020; Zhang, 2003) (Table 2). In total, 22 studies included a nonexercise control group, three studies included a sham‐control group, one study provided a lifestyle modification program to both treatment and control groups, and 21 studies only had one or multiple isometric handgrip training groups.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of isometric handgrip exercise and training on health‐related factors: A review

Yamada

Spitz

Wong

et al. 2022

Clin Physio Funct Imaging

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Isometric handgrip exercise has been suggested to promote some health‐related factors (e.g., lowering blood pressure). However, there is a need to evaluate whether this type of exercise can be included as an option to elicit these health‐related outcomes. The purpose of the article was to systematically review the acute and chronic effects of isometric handgrip exercise on resting blood pressure, pain sensation, cognitive function and blood lipids and lipoproteins. A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 89 studies met our inclusion criteria. Most randomized controlled trials (17/26) reported reductions in resting blood pressure (mostly systolic blood pressure) following isometric handgrip training. There were inconsistent results in isometric handgrip exercise‐induced hypotension (i.e., acute response). There was convincing evidence observed in randomized controlled trials (4/6) for isometric handgrip exercise‐induced hypoalgesia. Some randomized controlled trials (2/2) supported an improvement in memory performance, but not interference control (0/2), after a session of isometric handgrip exercise. None of the included studies found any effects of isometric handgrip training on blood lipids and lipoproteins. Isometric handgrip exercise appears to be an effective method to improve certain health‐related factors. The acute reductions in pain and blood pressure may share a similar central mechanism. However, training‐induced reductions in resting blood pressure may be driven by changes in the periphery. Additional work is needed to better understand if (and to what extent) isometric handgrip exercise (or training) influences cognitive function and blood lipids and lipoproteins.

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“…Leg extension IET and handgrip IET can both be performed in either a unilateral or bilateral fashion. All studies of leg extension IET have adopted bilateral training, while the handgrip IET studies have used both unilateral [64,66,67,[72][73][74][75] and bilateral [46,47,54,71,[76][77][78][79][80] approaches. In a study directly comparing unilateral and bilateral approaches, McGowan et al [81] demonstrated that both unilateral and bilateral handgrip IET training were able to reduce the resting sBP of medicated hypertensive patients.…”

Section: Bilateral Versus Unilateralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isometric Exercise Training and Arterial Hypertension: An Updated Review

Edwards,

Coleman,

Ritti-Dias

et al. 2024

Sports Med

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Hypertension is recognised as a leading attributable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and premature mortality. Global initiatives towards the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension are centred around non-pharmacological lifestyle modification. Exercise recommendations differ between professional and scientific organisations, but are generally unanimous on the primary role of traditional aerobic and dynamic resistance exercise. In recent years, isometric exercise training (IET) has emerged as an effective novel exercise intervention with consistent evidence of reductions in blood pressure (BP) superior to that reported from traditional guideline-recommended exercise modes. Despite a wealth of emerging new data and endorsement by select governing bodies, IET remains underutilised and is not widely prescribed in clinical practice. This expert-informed review critically examines the role of IET as a potential adjuvant tool in the future clinical management of BP. We explore the efficacy, prescription protocols, evidence quality and certainty, acute cardiovascular stimulus, and physiological mechanisms underpinning its anti-hypertensive effects. We end the review with take-home suggestions regarding the direction of future IET research.

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High cardiovascular reactivity and muscle strength attenuate hypotensive effects of isometric handgrip training in young women: A randomized controlled trial

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Mechanisms for blood pressure reduction following isometric exercise training: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mechanisms for blood pressure reduction following isometric exercise training: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The impact of isometric handgrip exercise and training on health‐related factors: A review

Isometric Exercise Training and Arterial Hypertension: An Updated Review

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