High coal injection into the blast furnace under high productivity

Hur, N.S.; Cho, B.R.; Choi, Jangwook; Hanand, K.W.; Seo, Kyung-Won

doi:10.1051/metal/199693030367

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Equation (3) shows that there is a linear relationship between Lnη and 1/T, and the viscous flow activation energy E η can be obtained from the slope of the line. This equation is only applicable to homogeneous slags because the properties of slags change when the temperature is lower than the free-running temperature.…”

Section: Viscous Flow Activation Energy Of the Slagmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is forcing many steel enterprises to pursue high coal injection ratios to alleviate the pressure of high production costs. However, theoretical and experimental studies have found that the pulverized coal cannot be completely burned in the narrow space of the tuyere raceway, and a large amount of UPC appears in the BF as a result [3][4][5][6]. This is because the velocity of pulverized coal passing through the tuyere of BF is very high (it usually reaches 240 m/s) [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Unburned Pulverized Coal on the Melting Characteristics and Fluidity of Blast Furnace Slag

et al. 2021

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A substantial amount of attention has been paid to viscosity due to its substantial effect on the fluid dynamics of molten blast furnace slag and slag metal reaction kinetics during the pyrometallurgy process. To clarify the influence mechanism of unburned pulverized coal (UPC) on blast furnace (BF) slag viscosity, the effects of different contents of UPC on the BF slag viscosity, free-running temperature and viscous flow activation energy were investigated. The slag viscosity was measured by the rotating cylinder method, and the microstructure of the cooled slag was observed by SEM. As a result, the main reason for a change in the slag viscosity, free-running temperature and viscous flow activation energy was that the UPC entering the slag formed a large number of white particles that predominantly comprised deposited carbon and a high melting point solid solution. In addition, the disintegration or polymerization of the SixOz- y structure was also a contributing factor. When the content of the UPC was 0.6%, the free-running temperature and viscous flow activation energy of slag were 1623 K and 120.969 kJ/mol, respectively, which are lower than those of the slag without UPC. However, the free-running temperature and viscous flow activation energy increased to 1668 K and 286.625 kJ/mol, respectively, when the content of UPC increased to 4%, which are higher than those of slag without UPC.

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Section: Viscous Flow Activation Energy Of the Slagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Unburned Pulverized Coal on the Melting Characteristics and Fluidity of Blast Furnace Slag

et al. 2021

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“…Esta fábrica que produce 11,4 x 10 6 ta/año, funciona con altos contenidos de A1 2 0 3 en la escoria. Desde su puesta en marcha se han utilizado 18 clases de carbones con un contenido relativamente alto en volátiles (103).…”

Section: Corea Del Surunclassified

Tecnología de fabricación de arrabio con inyección de combustibles y otros materiales por toberas en el horno alto. II parte. Inyección de carbón pulverizado (ICP)

García¹,

Cores

Formoso

et al. 1998

REVMETAL

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“…In blast furnace operation, 1100°C to 1250°C blast air travels through the tuyeres and is blown into the lower zone of the blast furnace at a speed of around 180 m s −1 . Consequently, a cavity called “raceway” is created ahead of the tuyere nose 4,5 . With the development of blast furnaces, the enhancement of oxygen and the injection of auxiliary fuels, such as natural gas, oil, pulverized coal, and so on, in the raceway have become industrial realities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, a cavity called "raceway" is created ahead of the tuyere nose. 4,5 With the development of blast furnaces, the enhancement of oxygen and the injection of auxiliary fuels, such as natural gas, oil, pulverized coal, and so on, in the raceway have become industrial realities. In addition to the economic benefit, auxiliary fuel injection increases the blast furnace's productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐performance pulverized coal combustion in blast furnace raceway with dense‐phase transport and oxy‐coal injection

Hsu

Yang

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary The blast furnace ironmaking process is one of the most energy‐consuming processes, and proper operation of pulverized coal injection (PCI) technique, applied in the blowpipe of hot blast air, can significantly reduce the CO2 emissions. Therefore, this study focuses on the conveying solid‐gas ratio (SGR) and ways of oxygen enrichment in a PCI system using a lance‐blowpipe‐tuyere‐raceway model. It is found that an optimal value of SGR could be obtained under two competing effects: the dispersion of pulverized coal and the cooling effect of carrier gas. When oxygen is enriched by 4%, the coal‐burnout rate can be enhanced by 5% to 6% via hot blast and 9% to 11% through oxy‐coal lance injection at SGR = 10 to 50. Moreover, the highest burnout rates in single lance and oxy‐coal lance injections occur respectively at SGR = 40 and 45. For the case of the oxy‐coal lance, the pressure loss is relatively smaller because it ignites farther away from the blast mouth. As a result, this improves the permeability of blast flow at the bottom of the furnace. In addition, the numerical results also show that the swirl‐flow design for pure oxygen injection through the oxy‐coal lance does not significantly improve coal combustion.

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High coal injection into the blast furnace under high productivity

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Unburned Pulverized Coal on the Melting Characteristics and Fluidity of Blast Furnace Slag

Effect of Unburned Pulverized Coal on the Melting Characteristics and Fluidity of Blast Furnace Slag

Tecnología de fabricación de arrabio con inyección de combustibles y otros materiales por toberas en el horno alto. II parte. Inyección de carbón pulverizado (ICP)

High‐performance pulverized coal combustion in blast furnace raceway with dense‐phase transport and oxy‐coal injection

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