High-density thermal sensitivity maps of the human body

Luo, Maohui; Wang, Zhe; Zhang, Hui; Arens, Edward; Filingeri, Davide; Liu, Jin; Ghahramani, Ali; Chen, Wenhua; He, Yutong; Si, Binghui

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106435

Cited by 100 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Furthermore, we know that despite differences in the quality and quantity of nociceptors, hairy and glabrous skin share similar nociceptive afferents, with non-significant differences in pain sensations or brain potentials in terms of latency and amplitude (Iannetti, Zambreanu and Tracey, 2006). A recent study reported similar thresholds for cooling and warming in the forearm and the palm of the hand (Luo et al, 2020); however, the dorsum of the hand (hairy skin) was reported to be more thermally sensitive than the palm (non-hairy). To the best of our knowledge, it is not known whether the observed differences in sensitivity are due to the presence of fewer thermal receptors on the palm than on the forearm (but see Watkins et al, 2020 for a recent work on different CT densities in hairy and non-hairy skin).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Probing interoception via thermosensation: No specific relationships across multiple interoceptive sub-modalities

Crucianelli

Enmalm

2021

Preprint

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Interoception, i.e., the perception of the physiological status of the body, includes signals originating both from inside the body and from its surface, the skin. Here, we focused on the perception of temperature, a crucial modality for the maintenance of homeostasis. We used a classic thermal detection task and developed a new thermal matching task, in which participants were asked to match a previously perceived moving thermal stimulus applied to their skin to a range of colder or warmer stimuli, presented in increasing or decreasing order. We investigated both hairy (forearm) and non-hairy (palm) skin to target the potential involvement of C-tactile fibres, which are part of an afferent homeostatic system found mainly on hairy skin. We also explored the relationship between performance on the two thermal tasks and on three other tasks in different interoceptive sub-modalities: cardiac perception, affective touch, and pain detection. We found a significantly more accurate perception of dynamic temperature on hairy skin compared to non-hairy skin overall, particularly when temperature was decreasing. Static perception of cooling was also superior on hairy skin and was related to dynamic temperature and pain only on non-hairy skin. Thus, thermosensation might offer a promising avenue to investigate interoception, and different mechanisms might be involved in the perception of affective thermal stimuli in hairy and non-hairy skin. Critically, we did not find any other significant relationship in objective perceptual performance among the interoceptive modalities, which suggests independent processing and that interoception might be best quantified using a battery of tests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Probing interoception via thermosensation: No specific relationships across multiple interoceptive sub-modalities

Crucianelli

Enmalm

2021

Preprint

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“…The thermal sensitivity of face skin in responding to changes in temperature to changes in exposure to the thermal environment is between 0.30 and 0.52 � C for changes in operative temperature of 1 � C. This value is relatively higher compared to the thermal sensitivity of body skin in Figure 6, which is 0.26 � C for changes in operative temperature of 1 � C. 20 The thermal sensitivity of the nose skin is highest compared to other measurement points on the face, and it is similar to the results of a previous study. 25,28 It is indicated by the value of the gradient measured by the camera thermal and thermocouple in Figure 6 of 0.50 and 0.52 � C for changes in operative temperature of 1 � C. The thermal sensitivity of the nose skin is higher because the number of blood vessels in this part is higher compared to others.…”

Section: The Relationship Between Face Skin Temperatures Measured Using a Thermal Camera With Mstmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…It can be used as a physiological index for describing the thermal sensation. 18 According to Luo et al, 20 thermal sensitivity variations exist between areas in the body parts, which are observed up to two to three times bigger than variations due to gender difference. The adaptation level differences are shown by each different body part.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility study to detect occupant thermal sensation using a low-cost thermal camera for indoor environments in Indonesia

Faridah

Waruwu

Wijayanto

et al. 2021

Building Services Engineering Research and Technology

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This paper concerns the feasibility study of 7 classes of thermal sensation detection in Indonesia's indoor environment using a low-cost thermal camera through face skin temperature. This study is required as an initial step to build a thermal comfort sensor system of HVAC control systems to produce a comfortable indoor environment with minimum and efficient energy use. The feasibility study was started by studying the thermoregulation system of respondents in Indonesia through measuring their body and facial skin temperatures under heating and cooling conditions, including their relationship with thermal sensations. The facial skin temperature variable, which is covered by four measurement points, namely forehead, nose, cheeks, and chin, represents the MST variable by the coefficient of determination of 0.54. The thermal sensation detection algorithm based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is 35.7% of accuracy. The thermal sensation questionnaire with 7 class categories is unsuitable for Indonesian respondents, and the number of the category classes predicted too much compared to the number of inputs. The detection algorithm has better accuracy with a smaller number of classes, namely 52.2% and 68.70% for the 5 and 3 classes of thermal sensation. Practical application: The air conditioning buildings system is possible to influence a thermal environmental control system to meet the occupants' thermal comfort level requirement in an indoor environment if the system is equipped with a sensor that can detect the occupants' thermal sensations. The thermal camera can be used as a non-contact sensor, detecting the occupant’s thermal sensation by reading the occupant's face skin temperature in an indoor environment.

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“…However, it may be useful to apply sensitivity weightings to simulated receptor impulses at different body sites to reflect the downstream integration and processing of thermoafferents by the central nervous system. Investigations of regional thermosensitivity by Zhang et al (2010b), Cotter and Taylor (2005), Filingeri et al (2017), and Luo et al (2020 all offer weighting coefficients that could be adopted in future modelling efforts.…”

Section: Indoor Air May 2021mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting thermal pleasure experienced in dynamic environments from simulated cutaneous thermoreceptor activity

et al. 2021

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Research into human thermal perception indoors has focused on 'neutrality' under steady-state conditions. Recent interest in thermal alliesthesia has highlighted the hedonic dimension of our thermal world that has been largely overlooked by science.Here, we show the activity of sensory neurons can predict thermal pleasure under dynamic exposures. A numerical model of cutaneous thermoreceptors was applied to skin temperature measurements from 12 human subjects. A random forest model trained on simulated thermoreceptor impulses could classify pleasure responses (F1score of 67%) with low false positives/negatives (4%). Accuracy increased (83%) when excluding the few extreme (dis)pleasure responses. Validation on an independent dataset confirmed model reliability. This is the first empirical demonstration of the relationship between thermoreceptors and pleasure arising from thermal stimuli.Insights into the neurophysiology of thermal perception can enhance the experience of built environments through designs that promote sensory excitation instead of neutrality. Practical implications• Pleasure experienced during changes in temperature can be predicted using machine learning and simulated activity of receptors in the skin • This knowledge could inform a tool for architects on engineers to design buildings and spaces that elicit thermal pleasure responses • Represents a paradigm shift in understanding and modeling of human thermal perception in dynamic environments

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High-density thermal sensitivity maps of the human body

Cited by 100 publications

References 35 publications

Probing interoception via thermosensation: No specific relationships across multiple interoceptive sub-modalities

Probing interoception via thermosensation: No specific relationships across multiple interoceptive sub-modalities

Feasibility study to detect occupant thermal sensation using a low-cost thermal camera for indoor environments in Indonesia

Predicting thermal pleasure experienced in dynamic environments from simulated cutaneous thermoreceptor activity

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