High direct healthcare costs of patients hospitalised with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza in Malaysia

Ong, Mei Poh; Sam, I‐Ching; Azwa, Haris; Zakaria, Izam Ezri Mohd; Kamarulzaman, Adeeba; Wong, Mun Hoe; Omar, Sharifah Faridah Syed; Hussain, Samsinah

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2010.08.001

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Two studies from Hong Kong (China) compared influenza hospitalization rates to those in temperate regions [50], [52]. One study assessed admissions to intensive care units [58], and another assessed the direct costs of hospitalization for influenza patients during the 2009 pandemic [59].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Evidence to Support Influenza Vaccine Introduction in Countries and Areas of WHO's Western Pacific Region

2013

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BackgroundImmunization against influenza is considered an essential public health intervention to control both seasonal epidemics and pandemic influenza. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are five key policy and three key programmatic issues that decision-makers should consider before introducing a vaccine. These are (a) public health priority, (b) disease burden, (c) efficacy, quality and safety of the vaccine, (d) other inventions, (e) economic and financial issues, (f) vaccine presentation, (g) supply availability and (h) programmatic strength. We analyzed the body of evidence currently available on these eight issues in the WHO Western Pacific Region.Methodology/Principal FindingsStudies indexed in PubMed and published in English between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2010 from the 37 countries and areas of the Western Pacific Region were screened for keywords pertaining to the five policy and three programmatic issues. Studies were grouped according to country income level and vaccine target group. There were 133 articles that met the selection criteria, with most (90%) coming from high-income countries. Disease burden (n = 34), vaccine efficacy, quality and safety (n = 27) and public health priority (n = 27) were most frequently addressed by studies conducted in the Region. Many studies assessed influenza vaccine policy and programmatic issues in the general population (42%), in the elderly (24%) and in children (17%). Few studies (2%) addressed the eight issues relating to pregnant women.Conclusions/SignificanceThe evidence for vaccine introduction in countries and areas in this Region remains limited, particularly in low- and middle-income countries that do not currently have influenza vaccination programmes. Surveillance activities and specialized studies can be used to assess the eight issues including disease burden among vaccine target groups and the cost-effectiveness of influenza vaccine. Multi-country studies should be considered to maximize resource utilization for cross-cutting issues such as vaccine presentation and other inventions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Evidence to Support Influenza Vaccine Introduction in Countries and Areas of WHO's Western Pacific Region

2013

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“…An influenza pandemic study conducted in Malaysia in the year 2009, estimated the healthcare cost per hospitalized patient was USD510, which was 44% costlier than the traditional per capita national healthcare expenditure with USD353. 7,12,13 Putri et al 14 found that on average, the annual economic burden of influenza on the healthcare system and the society at large was around USD11.2 billion. He further estimated the average direct medical costs at USD3.2 billion, and the average indirect costs was at USD8 billion.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Influenza Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Casemix System to Estimate Providers` Inpatients’ Cost of Influenza Related Sari Diseases in Malaysia

Puteh¹,

Kamarudin²,

Nasir³

et al. 2023

Int. J. Pub. Health Res.

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Introduction: Influenza is an upper respiratory infection is caused by the influenza virus. It occurs throughout the whole year in Malaysia with occasional outbreaks. Influenza-like illnesses (ILI) are generally treated as outpatient care while the more severe â€˜SARIâ€™ is managed in patient care. The Casemix system, used in healthcare professionals' practices, may help in estimating the cost of influenza management. Methods: This cross-sectional study extracts the cost of influenza management from different public hospitals in years 2016, 2017 and 2018. Data used selected ICD-10 codes, and the cost was abstracted from Malaysian Diagnostic Related Groups (MyDRG) software. The secondary data are from 2 sources, an urban teaching hospital Hospital Cancellor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM) and Ministry of Health (MoH) inpatient hospitals database. The sample size of the study was 586, while a structured datasheet collating patientsâ€™ sociodemographic data and cost of admission, per case, was obtained from the MyDRG software. Microsoft Excel and SPSS software were used in the analysis. Results: Most influenza cases (61.8%) are between the ages of 0 and 10, Malays, and have similar gender proportions. Overall, the influenza treatment cost for inpatient care, totalled to RM 294,017,112. In 2018, the GDP for health consumed 3.76% of Malaysia's GDP income of RM 1.4 trillion, with an estimated RM 60,339 million used for health. Thus, the three-year public cost consumed 0.5% of 2018 GDP. Conclusion: Influenza screening at the primary healthcare setting, health education and treatment compliance should be scale-up to minimize the cost of influenza management of the public providers.

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“…When compare with Liang Mao's study, there was lower due to the difference in targeted population. In Korea, there are two studies working on the same year, using the same 2010 USD resulting in nearly equal direct and indirect cost 32,33 .…”

Section: Direct and Indirect Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Literature Review on Influenza Treatment Costing Studies

Dao¹,

Bui²,

Vo³

2016

Int. Res. J. Pharm.

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Many researches were conducted about the burden created by influenza from an economic point of view, but they haven't yet to be specifically systematically reviewed. Our aim was to review the literature on economic burden studies of influenza focusing on direct cost (treatment cost) and indirect cost (related to school or workplace absenteeism). We conducted a systematic literature search mainly on three databases (PubMed, Science Direct and Cochrane database) on the economic burden of influenza till the end of November 2015. the publications have been carefully selected to shed light on direct and indirect costs of influenza, influenza-like-illness and pandemic influenza. There were 48 studies in 15 countries across five continents that can satisfy such criteria and those were used for in-depth statistic in our systematic review. The number of articles, which is conducted in America or using US dollar, were 19 and 37 out of 48, respectively. It can be noticed that most of the studies (27 researches , an equivalent to 56.3 percentages) discussed both direct and indirect cost whereas direct cost and indirect cost studies were 15 (29.2%) and 2 (4.2 %). There were differences between results (in direct and indirect cost) of studies due to dissimilarity in researched country, targeted population or reported year. This review will help us to have an overview on influenza economic burden. Otherwise, it also provides necessary statistic about current status in cost of influenza studies over the world. From that, investigator who want to research on this field, can follow the previous studies for building their own working.

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High direct healthcare costs of patients hospitalised with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza in Malaysia

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

A Review of the Evidence to Support Influenza Vaccine Introduction in Countries and Areas of WHO's Western Pacific Region

A Review of the Evidence to Support Influenza Vaccine Introduction in Countries and Areas of WHO's Western Pacific Region

The Use of Casemix System to Estimate Providers` Inpatients’ Cost of Influenza Related Sari Diseases in Malaysia

A Literature Review on Influenza Treatment Costing Studies

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