High Diversity of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes in Panamanian Blood Donors: A Molecular Analysis of New Variants

Martínez, Alexander A.; Zaldívar, Yamitzel; Castillo, Zoila de; Ortiz, Alma; Mendoza, Yaxelis; Cristina, Juan; Pascale, Juan Miguel

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103545

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…HBV-DNA positive samples from blood donors (n = 88) (a low risk group) were also analyzed. Samples from blood donors were obtained from a previously described study [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The HBV viral load was quantified by using a previously described method [ 39 ]. Samples with more than 2,000 viral copies/ml were subjected to a nested PCR to amplify a portion (879 bp) of the HBV genome (nucleotides 221 to 1100 relative to reference AB036910 strain) which allowed us to differentiate HBV at the sub-genotype level [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Panama, HBV prevalence rates vary according to the population being studied. Commercial sex workers (CSW) show a low prevalence (0.9%) [ 3 ]; men that have sex with men (MSM) have an intermediate prevalence (3.4%) [ 4 ], while blood donors have the lowest prevalence (0.03%) [ 5 ]. These differences in HBV prevalence between the different groups has also been observed in other countries [ 6 – 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes Circulating in Different Risk Groups of Panama, Evidence of the Introduction of Genotype A2 in the Country

et al. 2015

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The Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) can cause acute or chronic infection it is also associated with the development of liver cancer, thousands of new infections occur on a yearly basis, and many of these cases are located in certain areas of the Caribbean and Latin America. In these areas, the HBV prevalence is still high which makes this virus a serious public health concern to the entire region. Studies performed in Panama suggest a complex pattern in the distribution of HBV among the country’s different risk groups. We use phylogenetic analysis in order to determine which HBV genotypes were circulating in these specific groups; for this we used a fragment of the PreS2/2 region of the HBV genome. Subsequently whole HBV genome sequences were used for Bayesian analysis of phylodynamics and phylogeography. Two main genotypes were found: genotype A (54.5%) and genotype F (45.5%). There was a difference in the distribution of genotypes according to risk groups: 72.9% of high risk groups were associated to genotype A, and 55.0% of samples of genotype F were associated to the low risk group (p<0.002). The Bayesian analysis of phylogeny-traits association revealed a statistically significant geographical association (p<0.0001) with both genotypes and different regions of the country. The Bayesian time of most recent common ancestor analysis (tMRCA) revealed a recent tMRCA for genotype A2 circulating in Panama (1997, 95% HPD: 1986—2005), when it is compared with Panamanian genotype F1c sequences (1930, 95% HPD: 1810 – 2005). These results suggest a possible change in the distribution of HBV genotypes in Panama and Latin America as a whole. They also serve to encourage the implementation of vaccination programs in high-risk groups, in order to prevent an increase in the number of new HBV cases in Latin America and worldwide.

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“…HBV-DNA positive samples from blood donors (n = 88) (a low risk group) were also analyzed. Samples from blood donors were obtained from a previously described study [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Phylogenetic Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes Circulating in Different Risk Groups of Panama, Evidence of the Introduction of Genotype A2 in the Country

et al. 2015

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“…Although the high homology between F4 and F5 sequences, this analysis ratified the F4 component in the recombinant form. Also, a comparison of genetic distances was performed considering complete sequences of F4 (20), F5 (only two available) and HBV_MDQ45, resulting divergence between sgt F5 and the new recombinant viral strain higher than with F4 (Supporting Information Table v). These extra analyses taking in consideration F5 gt, confirmed HBV_MDQ45 as a F4/D2 recombinant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus in Mar del Plata, Argentina: Genomic characterization and evolutionary analysis of subgenotype F1b

Torres¹,

Civetta²,

D'Amico

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Virology

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The aim is to describe the molecular epidemiology and perform a genomic characterization of hepatitis B virus (HBV) circulating in Mar del Plata and to identify the origin and diversification patterns of the most prevalent genotype. The S gene and the region encompassing the X gene, basal core promoter (BCP), and precore (preC) was analyzed in 56 samples. They were genotyped as: 80% F1b, 9% A2, 7% D3, and 2% D1. A recombinant F4/D2 genome was detected. The double substitution G1764A/A1762T at the BCP (reduced HBeAg expression) was found in 20% F1b, 2% A2, 2% D1, and 2% D3 samples. A unique D3 presented the G1896A substitution at the preC (HBeAg negative phenotype). A 13% of the samples showed mutations at the HBsAg “a” immunodeterminant (escape from neutralizing antibodies). Mutations at the polymerase (antiviral resistance) were found in 52% of the samples. Coalescent analysis of subgenotype F1b, the most prevalent in the city, showed that viral diversification in Mar del Plata started by year 2000. F1b was the most prevalent genotype detected, being a characteristic of actual HBV infections in Mar del Plata. Local HBV exhibit clinically relevant mutations, but a minority of them was shown to be associated to potential vaccination escape or antiviral resistance. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to determine whether any of these mutants could pose a threat to prevention, diagnosis, or treatment.

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“…Subtype 2 is the most common in Venezuela and Brazil [31,32,35,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44], particularly F2a. Subgenotype F3 has been described in Venezuela, Colombia, and Panama [45,46]. In Venezuela, genotypes F1a, F3 and F4 have been found in Amerindians [28,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variability of hepatitis B virus in Uruguay: D/F, A/F genotype recombinants

López¹,

Flichman

Mojsiejczuk

et al. 2015

Arch Virol

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious global health problem. Approximately 2 billion people worldwide have been infected, and approximately 350 million individuals currently suffer from HBV-induced chronic liver infection, which causes 600,000 deaths annually from chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV is classified in eight genotypes (A-H), and two more have been proposed (I-J). In this paper, complete genome sequences of nine Uruguayan HBV are reported. Five samples belong to genotype F1b and one to genotype A2. Three HBV recombinants were detected: A1/F1b, A2/F1b and D3/F1b. The following mutations were detected: a G1896A substitution, a 33-nucleotide deletion from position 2896 to 2928 in the Pre-S1 region involving Pre-S1 residues 3-13, a 33-nt deletion in the Pre-S1 region involving nt 2913-2945 and Pre-S1 residues 9-19. More F genotypes strains than expected were detected in this study, supporting the hypothesis that there are more people of indigenous origin than declared in our population. Also, one third of the samples analyzed were recombinants. This cannot be explained by the low HBV prevalence in Uruguay, but a high HBV infection rate in drug addicts and dialysis patients could act in favor of multiple-genotype HBV infections that could lead to recombination.

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High Diversity of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes in Panamanian Blood Donors: A Molecular Analysis of New Variants

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Phylogenetic Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes Circulating in Different Risk Groups of Panama, Evidence of the Introduction of Genotype A2 in the Country

Phylogenetic Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes Circulating in Different Risk Groups of Panama, Evidence of the Introduction of Genotype A2 in the Country

Hepatitis B virus in Mar del Plata, Argentina: Genomic characterization and evolutionary analysis of subgenotype F1b

Genetic variability of hepatitis B virus in Uruguay: D/F, A/F genotype recombinants

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