High‐dose calcineurin inhibitor‐free everolimus as a maintenance regimen for heart transplantation may be a risk factor for <i><scp>P</scp>neumocystis</i> pneumonia

Hu, Yu; Lee, Nan Yao; Roan, Jun‐Neng; Hsu, Chi Hsin; Luo, Chwan Yau

doi:10.1111/tid.12709

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These infections occurred on everolimus therapy, several months after withdrawal of prophylaxis. The authors suggested that the high frequency of PJP infection might be attributed to the high everolimus dose and high serum trough concentration [35].…”

Section: Mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin Inhibitormentioning

confidence: 99%

Small-Molecule Protein Kinases Inhibitors and the Risk of Fungal Infections

Bechman

Galloway

Winthrop

2019

Curr Fungal Infect Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of Review This review discusses fungal infections associated with licenced small-molecule protein kinase inhibitors. For each major drug class, the mechanism of action and targeted pathways and the impact on host defence against fungi are described. Recent Findings Protein kinase inhibitors are successfully used in the treatment of malignancies and immune-mediated diseases, targeting signalling pathways for a broad spectrum of cytokines and growth-stimuli. These agents predispose to fungal infections by the suppression of integral components of the adaptive and innate immune response. Summary The greatest risk of fungal infections is seen with bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors, e.g. ibrutinib. Infections are also reported with agents that target mTOR, Janus kinase and break point cluster (Bcr) gene-Abelson (Abl) tyrosine kinase (BCR-ABL). The type of fungal infection fits mechanistically with the specific pathway targeted. Infections are often disseminated and present soon after the initiation of therapy. The pharmacokinetic profile, possibility of off-target kinase inhibition, and underlying disease pathology contribute to infection risk. Keywords Small-molecule protein kinases inhibitors. BTK inhibitor. mTOR inhibitor. JAK inhibitor. BCR-ABL inhibitor. Fungal infections

show abstract

Section: Mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin Inhibitormentioning

confidence: 99%