High Dose trans‐10,cis‐12 CLA Increases Lean Body Mass in Hamsters, but Elevates Levels of Plasma Lipids and Liver Enzyme Biomarkers

Abstract

The current study examined the efficacy of graded doses of c9,t11 and t10,c12 CLA isomers on body composition, energy expenditure, hepatic and serum lipid liver biomarkers in hamsters. Animals (n = 105) were randomized to seven treatments (control, 1, 2, 3% of c9,t11; 1, 2, 3% of t10,c12) for 28 days. After 28 days treatment, 1-3% of t10,c12 lowered (p < 0.05) body fat mass compared to the control group. The 1-3% t10,c12 and 3% c9,t11 fed groups showed higher (p < 0.05) lean mass compared to other groups. We observed unfavorable changes in plasma total cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol levels in animals fed with 3% t10,c12 CLA isomers. The 2%, 3% t10,c12 groups presented elevated (p < 0.05) ALT levels. The present data suggest that a diet enriched with more than 2% t10, c12 led to liver malfunction and poses unfavorable changes on plasma lipid profiles. The 1% t10,c12 CLA lowered (p < 0.05) body fat mass and increased (p < 0.05) lean body mass. The c9,t11 CLA has less potent actions than t10,c12 CLA. We conclude that the actions of CLA on energy and lipid metabolism are form and dose dependent in the hamster model.

Butter naturally enriched in cis-9, trans-11 CLA prevents hyperinsulinemia and increases both serum HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in rats

“…It has been shown that high intake of trans -9 C18:1 was correlated to increased plasma concentration of triacylglycerol [ 41 ] as well as the high intake of trans -10 C18:1 [ 42 ]. Concerning the effect of cis -9, trans -11 CLA on the triacylglycerol level, previous studies in animals fed with this CLA isomer did not modify triacylglycerol concentration [ 43 , 44 ]. However, rats fed with the HF-CLAb diet had an increased HDL cholesterol level, which is a potentially beneficial result because it reduces the risk of having a cardiovascular event [ 45 ] and HDL cholesterol also has a positive effect on glycemic control [ 45 ].…”

Dietarytrans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid alters fatty acid metabolism and microbiota composition in mice

“…Both the isomers exhibit significant biological activities, which may exert synergistic or antagonistic effects ( 1 ) . CLA has been shown to inhibit carcinogenesis ( 6 ) , prevent atherosclerosis in different animal models ( 7 – 9 ) , modulate the immune system ( 10 , 11 ) , and affect body composition, by reducing body fat and increasing lean body mass ( 12 , 13 ) . Also, t 10 c 12-CLA has been shown to be the isomer responsible for the anti-obesity effect attributed to CLA, and over the past years, its impact on body fat modulation has been largely studied in different animal models and in human subjects ( 12 – 14 ) .…”

“…energy restriction in human trials) ( 15 , 16 ) . In most studies using mice, body fat reduction induced by t 10 c 12-CLA supplementation is accompanied by adverse effects such as hepatic steatosis and hyperinsulinaemia ( 12 , 13 ) . These are features frequently associated with the metabolic syndrome, and commonly observed in obese and diabetic individuals ( 17 , 18 ) .…”

Trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid worsens renal pathology and alters cyclooxygenase derived oxylipins in obesity-associated nephropathy

“…We also have shown that t10,c12 CLA decreases adipocyte dysfunction by reducing cell size and increasing cell number in epididymal adipose tissue of fa/fa Zucker rats [16,28], and it is generally believed that t10,c12 CLA is responsible for effects on body composition [29][30][31][32]. Animal models of inflammation and obesity have shown that a mixture of CLA isomers increases antiinflammatory cytokines and decreases proinflammatory cytokines [33][34][35][36].…”

“…This finding therefore has potential significance to human health, because it is this population that is targeted by aggressive marketing of CLA as a weight lowering product, and the available supplements contain both isomers. The t10,c12 CLA isomer is generally believed to be the most active in reducing adipose mass [29][30][31][32]. In these older fa/fa Zucker rats, neither CLA isomer reduced body weight or epididymal fat mass [16].…”