High-energy cluster—surface collisions

Even, U.; Schek, Israel; Jortner, Joshua

doi:10.1016/0009-2614(93)85282-s

Cited by 87 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…2-7. MD has also been used to calculate temperature, pressure and energy of planar ͑one-dimensional͒ steady-state shock waves, [28][29][30][31] to determine the velocity of a surface shock wave due to ion impact, 32 to simulate a shock wave generation within a cluster, 33 and to study cluster impacts. 34 Because of the inevitable nonsteady state character of the ion impact, it is very difficult to perform computer simulation of shock waves generated at such an impact.…”

Section: Shock Wave Generation With Cluster Ion Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proposal for a hardness measurement technique without indentor by gas-cluster-beam bombardment

et al. 2000

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Large gas-cluster-ion bombardment has been shown to be a unique tool for generating a variety of bombarding effects over a broad range of acceleration energies. A hardness measurement technique is proposed in this paper based on the use of the effect of crater formation by large gas-cluster beams. The cluster impact leaves a hemispherical crater on a surface, the size of which varies with surface hardness and cluster parameters ͑which can be predetermined͒. As shown in this paper, the crater depth h ͑or diameter d͒ and Brinell hardness B are correlated through the formula hϳ(E/B) 1/3 , where E is the cluster acceleration energy. The material hardness, binding energy, and the crater size have also been correlated with the sputtering yield Y, and hence this correlation can also be experimentally applied for measuring hardness. The proposed method is based entirely on surface effects which depend only on the surface material and not on the substrate and therefore should be particularly suitable for measuring hardness of thin deposited films. This technique also eliminates the need for indentors that are harder than the material measured.

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Section: Shock Wave Generation With Cluster Ion Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypervelocity Ar cluster impact on a rigid target surface and generation of a shock wave within a cluster have been modeled by MD in Ref. 33. A two-dimensional ͑2D͒ MD method was used in our previous work 34 where shock wave generation was studied at an Ar cluster impact on a movable atomistic surface.…”

Section: Shock Wave Generation With Cluster Ion Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal for a hardness measurement technique without indentor by gas-cluster-beam bombardment

et al. 2000

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“…On the other hand it is of course a hint for a strong inelastic interaction between ammonia clusters and the surface. For this disintegration process a collective energy transfer inside the cluster while hitting the surface is required, supporting the results of molecular dynamics simulation [7][8][9][10][11]. The kinetic energy of 5 to 7 monomers in the cluster is necessary to break a single bond in the compound.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…They also give a cluster size distribution which changes with increasing normal velocity. At high impact velocities new and interesting phenomena, like shock wave formation at a NaCl(100) surface [8,9] and shattering for protonated ammonia clusters impacting on a graphite surface [10], are found. Simulating the behavior of fast clusters Raz and Levine focus on the chemical aspect of the dynamics forced onto O and N molecules by the surrounding Ne cluster cage upon impact on a rigid surface [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Scattering of neutral NH3 clusters off LiF(100): angular distributions of NH3 and small clusters

Menzel¹,

Knöner²,

Kutzner³

et al. 1996

Z Phys D - Atoms, Molecules and Clusters

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The scattering behavior of neutral ammonia clusters off a LiF(100) surface is studied. Ammonia clusters are produced by a coexpansion of NH and Kr with an average kinetic energy of 48 meV per monomer molecule. Using single photon VUV laser ionization at "118 nm (h "10.49 eV) the mass distribution of scattered particles is obtained in a reflecting time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Compared with the incoming cluster beam the average cluster size of the scattered particles is drastically decreased. The angular distribution of NH> and NH> after scattering reveals a strong inelastic interaction between the clusters and the LiF(100) surface which is described in the context of a thermokinetic model and a phonon excitation along the (001) azimuth of the LiF(100) surface.

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“…In particular, we have been able -as predicted by Cleveland and Landman [14] (see also [15,[36][37][38][39]) using molecular-dynamics simulations -to observe here besides surface induced dissociation (SID) also surface induced reactions (SIR) of acetone dimer ions upon impact on a hydrocarbon covered stainless steel surface. Using fully deuterated acetone dimer ions we obtained evidence for the occurrence of two competing surface-induced reactions, i.e., on the one hand intra-cluster ion molecule reactions leading to the production of the deuteronated acetone monomer ion (CD 3 COCD 3 )D + and on the other hand hydrogen pick-up reactions leading to the formation of the protonated acetone monomer ion (CD 3 COCD 3 )H + .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Low energy acetone dimer ion/surface collisions studied with high energy resolution

et al. 1999

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We have recently constructed the tandem mass spectrometer set-up BESTOF (consisting of a B-sector field combined with an E-sector field, a Surface and a Time Of Flight mass spectrometer) which allows the investigation of ion/surface reactions with high primary mass and energy resolution. Using BE-STOF we have extended previous investigations from molecular projectile ions to cluster ions. In particular, we have studied here surface induced dissociation (SID) and surface induced reactions (SIR) of acetone dimer ions upon impact on a hydrocarbon covered stainless steel surface as a function of incident collision energy up to about 80 eV.PACS. 34.90.+q Other topics in atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions -82.65.Fr Film and membrane processes: ion exchange, dialyse, osmosis, electroosmosis -82.30.Fi Ion-molecule, ion-ion, and charge transfer reactions

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High-energy cluster—surface collisions

Cited by 87 publications

References 33 publications

Proposal for a hardness measurement technique without indentor by gas-cluster-beam bombardment

Proposal for a hardness measurement technique without indentor by gas-cluster-beam bombardment

Scattering of neutral NH3 clusters off LiF(100): angular distributions of NH3 and small clusters

Low energy acetone dimer ion/surface collisions studied with high energy resolution

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