High erythrocyte levels of the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid are associated with lower risk of subsequent rheumatoid arthritis in a southern European nested case–control study

Pablo, Paola de; Romaguera, Dora; Fisk, Helena L.; Calder, Philip C.; Quirke, Anne‐Marie; Cartwright, Alison; Panico, Salvatore; Mattiello, Amalia; Gavrila, Diana; Navarro, C.; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Víneis, Paolo; Tumino, Rosario; Ollier, William; Michaud, Dominique S.; Riboli, Elio; Venables, P. J. W.; Fisher, Benjamin A

doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-212274

Cited by 53 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Despite the fact that a significant number of trials indicating the advantages that omega-3 acid supplementation can have on the course of RA was based on a small group of patients, a conducted meta-analysis covering 20 available studies with 1288 patients suffering from RA confirmed that omega-3 acid supplementation has an undeniable positive influence on the duration of morning stiffness, grip strength, ESR values, the number of painful joints, pain experienced by the patient, agility of the patient according to HAQ and decreased leukotriene B4 concentration [46]. High concentration of omega-6 LA in the erythrocyte membrane through its supplementation reduces the risk of developing RA in patients with the pre-clinical phase of RA (pre-RA) [47]. Patients with RA face an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and death caused by these diseases.…”

Section: Psoriatic Arthritismentioning

confidence: 85%

The place of omega-3 and omega-6 acids in supplementary treatment of inflammatory joint diseases

Kwiatkowska

Maślińska

2020

Reumatologia

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Eating habits have been analysed for years as a factor influencing the development of autoimmune diseases and susceptibility to infections. On the basis of research, observational studies and metaanalyses, special attention was paid to omega-3 and omega-6 acids. The purpose of the review is to show the importance of omega-3 and omega-6 acids as important ingredients in the healthy diet and as factors protecting against the development of the most common inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The influence of these omega-3 and-6 acids on the course of rheumatic diseases and arguments for their use as complementary therapy are also presented.

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Section: Psoriatic Arthritismentioning

confidence: 85%

The place of omega-3 and omega-6 acids in supplementary treatment of inflammatory joint diseases

Kwiatkowska

Maślińska

2020

Reumatologia

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“…However, the situation is more complex, as n-6 PUFA also have potential roles in the pathways of resolution of inflammation [32]. Previously, 18:3n-6 (gamma-linolenic acid) was noted to improve signs and symptoms of RA disease activity [33], and in a recent study, 18:2n-6 levels in erythrocytes were inversely associated with the risk of RA [34]. According to Van de Vyver et al [35], 20:4n-6 concentrations decreased in the SF free FA of patients with end-stage knee OA, supporting the present results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct fatty acid signatures in infrapatellar fat pad and synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis versus rheumatoid arthritis

et al. 2019

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Background Infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) has recently emerged as a potential source of inflammation in knee arthropathies. It has been proposed to be one source of adipocytokines, fatty acids (FA), and FA-derived lipid mediators that could contribute to the pathophysiological processes in the knee joint. Alterations in synovial fluid (SF) lipid composition have been linked to both osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of the present study was to compare the FA signatures in the IFP and SF of RA and OA patients. Methods Pairs of IFP and SF samples were collected from the same knees of RA ( n = 10) and OA patients ( n = 10) undergoing total joint replacement surgery. Control SF samples ( n = 6) were harvested during diagnostic or therapeutic arthroscopic knee surgery unrelated to RA or OA. The FA composition in the total lipids of IFP and SF was determined by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection. Results Arthropathies resulted in a significant reduction in the SF proportions of n-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), more pronouncedly in OA than in RA. OA was also characterized with reduced percentages of 22:6n-3 and lower product/precursor ratios of n-3 PUFA. The proportions of total monounsaturated FA increased in both RA and OA SF. Regarding IFP, RA patients had lower proportions of 20:4n-6, total n-6 PUFA, and 22:6n-3, as well as lower product/precursor ratios of n-3 PUFA compared to OA patients. The average chain length of SF FA decreased in both diagnoses and the double bond index in OA. Conclusions The observed complex alterations in the FA signatures could have both contributed to but also limited the inflammatory processes and cartilage destruction in the RA and OA knees.

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“…Additionally, a prospective cohort study found that increased fatty fish intake decreased RA risk but the association was non-significant, whereas medium fat fish consumption was significantly associated with increased RA risk 107 . A nested case-control study recently investigated the potential association of omega-6 PUFAs and RA risk and found a significant inverse association between omega-6 PUFAs and reduced RA risk 108 . However, there was no association between omega-3 PUFAs and RA 108 .…”

Section: Dietary Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A nested case-control study recently investigated the potential association of omega-6 PUFAs and RA risk and found a significant inverse association between omega-6 PUFAs and reduced RA risk 108 . However, there was no association between omega-3 PUFAs and RA 108 . Thus, additional research should be conducted to firmly establish the effect of PUFAs and RA risk.…”

Section: Dietary Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Lifestyle Changes for Reducing the Risk of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis: Is an Ounce of Prevention Worth a Pound of Cure?

Zaccardelli

Friedlander

Ford

et al. 2019

Clinical Therapeutics

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Purpose: Lifestyle may be important in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, changing behaviors may delay or even prevent RA onset. We reviewed the evidence basis for the associations of lifestyle factors with RA risk and consider future directions for possible interventions to reduce RA risk. Methods: We reviewed the literature for cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, cohort studies, and clinical trials investigating potentially modifiable lifestyle factors and RA risk or surrogate outcomes on the path towards development, such as RA-related autoimmunity or inflammatory arthritis. We summarized the evidence related to cigarette smoking, excess weight, dietary intake, physical activity, and dental health for RA risk. Findings: Cigarette smoking has the strongest evidence base as a modifiable lifestyle behavior that increases seropositive RA risk. Smoking may increase seropositive RA risk through geneenvironment interactions, increasing inflammation and citrullination locally in pulmonary/oral mucosa or systemically, and thereby inducing RA-related autoimmunity. Prolonged smoking cessation may reduce seropositive RA risk. Evidence suggests that excess weight may increase RA risk, though this effect may differ by sex, serologic status, and age at RA onset. The effect of dietary intake may also impact RA risk: overall healthier patterns, high fish/omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and moderate alcohol intake may reduce RA risk, while caffeine and sugar-sweetened soda may increase RA risk. The impact of physical activity is less clear but high levels may reduce RA risk. Periodontal disease may induce citrullination and RA-related autoimmunity, but the effect of dental hygiene behaviors on RA risk is unclear. Although the effect size estimates for these lifestyle factors on RA risk are generally modest, there may be relatively large public health benefits for targeted interventions given the high prevalence of these unhealthy behaviors. With the exception of smoking cessation, the impact of behavior change of these

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High erythrocyte levels of the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid are associated with lower risk of subsequent rheumatoid arthritis in a southern European nested case–control study

Cited by 53 publications

References 55 publications

The place of omega-3 and omega-6 acids in supplementary treatment of inflammatory joint diseases

The place of omega-3 and omega-6 acids in supplementary treatment of inflammatory joint diseases

Distinct fatty acid signatures in infrapatellar fat pad and synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis versus rheumatoid arthritis

Potential of Lifestyle Changes for Reducing the Risk of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis: Is an Ounce of Prevention Worth a Pound of Cure?

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