High explosive characterization for the dice throw event

Helm, F.; Finger, M.; Hayes, Bernard; Lee, E.; Cheung, Hoi-Yan; Walton, Jay R.

doi:10.2172/7267133

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The deviation of the higher-order DSD size-effect curves from the data at larger HE dimensions is due to the value of D CJ = 5.2 km s −1 used in the calibration of the higher-order DSD relation (Bdzil et al 2002). This was obtained from an extrapolation based on the 'dice throw' series of large-scale ANFO tests (Helm et al 1976). Subsequent analysis by Bdzil (2008, personal communication) of the more carefully controlled ANFO rate-stick test series (Bdzil et al 2002) led to the recommendation to lower D CJ to 4.8 km s −1 , as used by Bdzil (2008, personal communication) in the calibration of the lower-order D n -κ form of the DSD relation for ANFO (table 9).…”

Section: Comparison Of Dsd Predictions With Slab and Rate-stick Expermentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling of detonation velocity in cylinder and slab geometries for ideal, insensitive and non-ideal explosives

Jackson

Short

2015

J. Fluid Mech.

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Experiments were conducted to characterize the detonation phase-velocity dependence on charge thickness for two-dimensional detonation in condensed-phase explosive slabs of PBX 9501, PBX 9502 and ANFO. In combination with previous diametereffect measurements from a cylindrical rate-stick geometry, these data permit examination of the relative scaling of detonation phase velocity between axisymmetric and two-dimensional detonation. We find that the ratio of cylinder radius (R) to slab thickness (T) at each detonation phase velocity (D 0 ) is such that R(D 0 )/T(D 0 ) < 1. The variation in the R(D 0 )/T(D 0 ) scaling is investigated with two detonation shock dynamics (DSD) models: a lower-order model relates the normal detonation velocity to local shock curvature, while a higher-order model includes the effect of front acceleration and transverse flow. The experimentally observed R(D 0 )/T(D 0 ) (<1) scaling behaviour for PBX 9501 and PBX 9502 is captured by the lower-order DSD theory, revealing that the variation in the scale factor is due to a difference in the slab and axisymmetric components of the curvature along the shock in the cylindrical geometry. The higher-order DSD theory is required to capture the observed R(D 0 )/T(D 0 ) (<1) scaling behaviour for ANFO. An asymptotic analysis of the lower-order DSD formulation describes the geometric scaling of the detonation phase velocity between the cylinder and slab geometries as the detonation phase velocity approaches the Chapman-Jouguet value.

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Section: Comparison Of Dsd Predictions With Slab and Rate-stick Expermentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling of detonation velocity in cylinder and slab geometries for ideal, insensitive and non-ideal explosives

Jackson

Short

2015

J. Fluid Mech.

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“…The Cheetah JWL assumes that reactions go to equilibrium, and has about 25% more energy than Ref. 2. This suggests that reaction also persists at 11.5-inch diameter-and perhaps for all laboratory-scale configurations.…”

Section: Eos Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For non-ideal explosives such as ANFO, the standard cylinder is too small compared to the reaction zone, and must be scaled up accordingly. Previous ANFO cylinder tests 2 were conducted at diameters up to 292.1 mm (11.5 inches). It was reported that a test diameter of 101.6 mm (4 inches) was the minimum size to scale favorably with the large cylinder test; yet, very large field experiments 3 yielded somewhat higher det-onation velocities and pressures than even the largest cylinder test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ANFO Cylinder Tests

Davis¹,

Hill²

2002

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Cylinder test data is reported for commercially available prilled ANFO (ammonium-nitrate/fuel-oil) at 0.93 g/cc density and ambient temperature. The tests were four-inch inner diameter, with wallthickness and length scaled from the standard one-inch test (0.4 inch and 48 inch, respectively). The wall expansion was measured with a rotating mirror streak camera and the velocity was measured by fine-wire pin switches, in the standard manner. The wall expansion trajectory is much smoother than for conventional explosives, which show a pronounced jump-off with subsequent ring-up. This observation is consistent with a broadened detonation shock in the granular bed. The data is analyzed for equation-of-state information and JWL parameters are given. * Work performed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy.

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Prediction of Cylinder Wall Velocity Profiles for ANFO Explosives Combining Thermochemical Calculation, Gurney Model, and Hydro‐Code

Sućeska

Serene

Zhang

et al. 2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Theoretical prediction of performance indicators of explosives plays an important role in the development of new explosives and explosive formulations. Of particular interest is the possibility to estimate the velocity of metal liner driven by an explosive charge. We present a theoretical model for estimation of metal cylinder wall velocity profiles of non‐ideal ANFO explosives. The model is based on thermochemical calculations using EXPLO5 code, expressing the Gurney energy in terms of JWL equation of state, and using hydro‐code simulation. The Wood‐Kirkwood detonation theory, incorporated in EXPLO5, is applied for calculation of detonation parameters of non‐ideal ANFO explosives. It was found that this approach enables prediction of cylinder wall velocity for ANFO explosives, with the error at V/V0=7 expansion ratio not exceeding 100 m/s.

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High explosive characterization for the dice throw event

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Scaling of detonation velocity in cylinder and slab geometries for ideal, insensitive and non-ideal explosives

Scaling of detonation velocity in cylinder and slab geometries for ideal, insensitive and non-ideal explosives

ANFO Cylinder Tests

Prediction of Cylinder Wall Velocity Profiles for ANFO Explosives Combining Thermochemical Calculation, Gurney Model, and Hydro‐Code

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