High-fat diet suppresses the astrocytic process arborization and downregulates the glial glutamate transporters in the hippocampus of mice

Tsai, Sheng Feng; Wu, Hung Tsung; Chen, Pei Chun; Chen, Yun Wen; Yu, Megan; Wang, Tzu Feng; Wu, Shih Ying; Tzeng, Shun Fen; Kuo, Yu Min

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.07.017

Cited by 46 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Low-calorie high-protein diet could increase the recognition index as a representative of working memory. Clinical and experimental studies found that a high-fat diet impairs cognitive function and increases anxiety in rodents and healthy human [35][36][37][38]. In which these findings are in agreement with our data that the high-fat diet induces anxiety-like behavior in aged rats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

High-protein and low-calorie diets improved the anti-aging Klotho protein in the rats’ brain: the toxic role of high-fat diet

et al. 2020

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Background In the current study, our specific aim was to characterize the Klotho protein and expression levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of old rats treated with different diets (high-fat, high-protein, low-calorie, high-protein and low-calorie). Methods Rats were treated with high-fat, high-protein, low-calorie, low-calorie high-protein diets for 10 weeks and then behavioral and molecular assessments were evaluated. Results Statistical analysis showed the percentage of open arm time was increased in the high-protein, low-calorie and low-calorie high-protein groups compared with old control (old-C) rats. The percentage of open arm entries was increased in the low-calorie and low-calorie high-protein group compared with old-C rats. The body weight and serum triglyceride were decreased in the low-calorie and low-calorie high-protein groups in comparison to control old rats. Low-calorie and low-calorie high-protein treatments statistically enhanced caspase-3 level compared with old-C rats in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Treatment of old rats with high-protein, low-calorie and low-calorie high-protein could increase Klotho-α level compared with control old rats. The levels of Klotho-α, c-fos and brain-derived neurotrophic factors were decreased in the low-calorie high-protein group in Klotho inhibitor's presence compared with the low-calorie high-protein group. Conclusion According to our findings, Klotho-α level was reduced in old rats. Low-calorie, high-protein and particularly low-calorie high-protein diets increased this protein level and consequently increased neuronal plasticity and improved memory function. Graphic abstract

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

High-protein and low-calorie diets improved the anti-aging Klotho protein in the rats’ brain: the toxic role of high-fat diet

et al. 2020

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“…While we focused on the HT because it is a well-known area involved in energy balance regulation (Gao & Horvath, 2008), we do not exclude the possibility that other brain areas may also display postprandial inflammation associated with neuropeptide modulation. Indeed, several studies have shown that chronic HFD consumption leads to hippocampal inflammatory responses and affects behavioral disorders associated with obesity (Abbink, van Deijk, Heine, Verheijen, & Korosi, 2019;Guillemot-Legris et al, 2016;Gzielo, Kielbinski et al 2017;Spencer, Basri et al 2019;Tsai, Wu et al 2018;Waise et al, 2015). Moreover, astrocytes in the brainstem dorsal vagal complex responds to acute nutritional excess (MacDonald et al, 2020).…”

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fat exacerbates postprandial hypothalamic inflammation involving glial fibrillary acidic protein‐positive cells and microglia in male mice

Cansell

Stobbe

Sanchez

et al. 2020

Glia

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In humans, obesity is associated with brain inflammation, glial reactivity, and immune cells infiltration. Studies in rodents have shown that glial reactivity occurs within 24 hr of highfat diet (HFD) consumption, long before obesity development, and takes place mainly in the hypothalamus (HT), a crucial brain structure for controlling body weight. Here, we sought to characterize the postprandial HT inflammatory response to 1, 3, and 6 hr of exposure to either a standard diet (SD) or HFD. HFD exposure increased gene expression of astrocyte and microglial markers (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP] and Iba1, respectively) compared to SD-treated mice and induced morphological modifications of microglial cells in HT. This remodeling was associated with higher expression of inflammatory genes and differential regulation of hypothalamic neuropeptides involved in energy balance regulation. DREADD and PLX5622 technologies, used to modulate GFAP-positive or microglial cells activity, respectively, showed that both glial cell types are involved in hypothalamic postprandial inflammation, with their own specific kinetics and reactiveness to ingested foods. Thus, recurrent exacerbated postprandial inflammation in the brain might promote obesity and needs to be characterized to address this worldwide crisis.

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“…However, there is no consensus on the recommended exercise regimen. Some literature recommends moderate aerobic exercise with lower intensity rather than high-intensity exercise 16,17) . Some studies recommend voluntary exercise without stress rather than forced exercise 18,19 ) .…”

Section: Exercise Increases the Expression Of Bdnf In The Hippocampusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic exercise accompanied by neuronal modulation to enhance neurotrophic factors in the brain with central nervous system disorders

2019

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Exercise is a primary therapeutic regimen in physical therapy to rehabilitate the motor function of patients with central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Furthermore, exercise positively contributes to cognitive function related to neuroplasticity and neuroprotection in the hippocampus. Neurotrophins play a crucial role in neuroplasticity, neurogenesis, and neuroprotection in the CNS. Exercise enhances the expression of neurotrophins in the brain. Thus, novel regimens for kinesiotherapy in CNS disorders to further enhance exercise-induced expression are expected. In this review, we described three novel regimens for kinesiotherapy in CNS disorders based on the interaction between exercise and pharmacological treatment with the idea of "inhibition of inhibition" in the CNS.

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High-fat diet suppresses the astrocytic process arborization and downregulates the glial glutamate transporters in the hippocampus of mice

Cited by 46 publications

References 55 publications

High-protein and low-calorie diets improved the anti-aging Klotho protein in the rats’ brain: the toxic role of high-fat diet

High-protein and low-calorie diets improved the anti-aging Klotho protein in the rats’ brain: the toxic role of high-fat diet

Dietary fat exacerbates postprandial hypothalamic inflammation involving glial fibrillary acidic protein‐positive cells and microglia in male mice

Therapeutic exercise accompanied by neuronal modulation to enhance neurotrophic factors in the brain with central nervous system disorders

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