High-Frequency Injection-Based Sensorless Control for a General Five-Phase BLDC Motor Incorporating System Delay and Phase Resistance

Abstract

This paper investigates the sensorless control of a general Five-phase permanent magnet brushless DC (5-BLDC) motor working at the low speeds. High frequency (HF) injection-based sensorless control is most popular, however, the system delay and stator resistance could deteriorate the sensorless control performance. In this paper, an HF model of 5 BLDCs at frequency-domain is primarily established as a replacement over the conventional static model, and an interpretation from the sinusoidal internal model is carried out to direct the sensorless control implementation. Accordingly, the measured d-axis HF current, which is typically neglected in the conventional method, is reused to demodulate the position angular information from the measured q-axis HF current. The proposed sensorless control is performed on a 5 BLDC drive, and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of this method while comparing its performance with the conventional method. INDEX TERMS Sinusoidal internal model, high-frequency injection, five-phase BLDC motor, sensorless control.

A Comprehensive Survey on Fault Tolerance in Multiphase AC Drives, Part 1: General Overview Considering Multiple Fault Types

“…In fact, the abnormal behavior of the machine after said sensor fails may compromise the mechanical and electrical (e.g., back-EMF rise with speed) integrity of the system [58]. For these reasons, encoders and resolvers represent a possible source of faults that needs to be taken into account [58,87,127,130,182,197,199,208,213,215,216]. Although the reasons that produce these failures do not depend on n and the three-phase tolerance approaches in many cases are also valid for n > 3, the extra DOFs of multiphase machines offer valuable potential for obtaining enhanced performance in such conditions.…”

“…These sensorless techniques are frequently implemented to be used at all times, avoiding the complexity and cost of buying, installing and maintaining the sensor [507]. Nevertheless, it is also reasonable to resort to these observers just in case of sensor fault [58,87,127,130,197,199,208,213,216], because usually they are not as accurate and robust to uncertainties (e.g., flux saturation) as sensors [510], or they have additional shortcomings, such as introducing torque ripple (e.g., those based on signal injection) [511].…”

“…For d 1 -axis pulsating injection, demodulation and filtering is most often performed in the q 1 -axis current [510]. It is worth highlighting that using square wave instead of sinusoidal injection implies that the high-frequency and fundamental components can be farther from each other in the spectrum, thus becoming much easier to separate them and reducing the need to diminish the control bandwidth [543]; however, the higher injection frequency may mean worsening the audible noise, iron loss, measurement resolution, and dc-link utilization [208]. On the other hand, for non-salient PMSMs, pulsating injection in synchronous frame is more suitable than rotating stationaryframe injection [209].…”

Spin-Coater Machine Control Via Passivity With Sliding Modes

“…To avoid the disadvantages of the brushed DC motors, a Brushless DC Motor (BLDC) could be used [5], [6]. In [7], [8], the BLDC was applied in spin coater machines with classical linear controllers.…”

Metodologia de projeto e análise de observadores de FCEM para máquinas BLDC aplicadas na tração de veículos elétricos

“…Diversas técnicas sensorless para a BLDC podem ser encontradas na literatura, como injeção de harmônicas para estimação da força contra-eletromotriz (Song et al, 2019(Song et al, , 2018Tian et al, 2019), observador de Luenberger (Nicola et al, 2019;Awchar et al, 2018;Baratieri e Pinheiro, 2014;Xia et al, 2014) e observador por modos deslizantes (SMO) (Markadeh et al, 2008;Deenadayalan e Ilango, 2011).…”