High-frequency modeling of Zafarana wind farm and reduction of backflow current-overvoltages

Abd‐Elhady, Amr M.; Sabiha, Nehmdoh A.; Izzularab, Mohamed A.

doi:10.1002/etep.1697

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Said et al (2014b) used superconducting magnetic energy storage to suppress the voltage sag and voltage swell incidents at the grid side of a distribution system with wind power penetration. Abd-Elhady et al (2014) investigated the transient response of Zafarana WF after modification of WT grounding system to reduce backflow current-overvoltage, ground potential rise, and surge arresters burnouts. Abd el-aal et al (2015) carried out a seismic hazard assessment with stochastic and probabilistic procedures for WT tower sites in Zafarana.…”

Section: Safety and Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of research trends for wind energy in Egypt: recent progress and promising opportunities

Moness

Moustafa

2019

IJETP

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Energy is a cornerstone for achieving industrial development and prosperous economy. Wind energy has the biggest share of renewable energy sector in many countries leading the way for replacing fossil fuels. Egypt, as one of the developing countries, is heading towards increasing penetration levels of wind power to face energy challenges. This strategy takes advantage of the investigated high potential of wind energy in several locations across Egypt. In order to gain most benefits and economical revenues from wind energy, a national research and development policies have to be deployed. Effective research policies enhance the capabilities of local industry for wind power technology. This review characterises current progress and categorises areas of interest for recent research of wind energy in Egypt. Accordingly, a vision for existing gaps, futuristic directions and promising areas for research is formulated.

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Section: Safety and Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of research trends for wind energy in Egypt: recent progress and promising opportunities

Moness

Moustafa

2019

IJETP

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“…During a lightning strike, it would be possible for the electric field around the grounding rod to be larger than the rod's electrical strength, resulting in a breakdown and electrical discharge. For a nonlinear resistor, this can be represented as a function of the current through the rod [30]:…”

Section: Vertical Rod Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, constant resistance acts as a lossless grounding model, and simulations derived from such a system are not reliable, while nonlinear grounding that only considers the effect of soil ionization will only be applicable in the case of low frequency and current flow. To fulfill the IEC 61024 requirements, an extended grounding system was therefore designed, which soon became the prevailing model because it was more accurate at reducing GPR than previous models [30,31]. However, this model ignores the impact of soil ionization and is instead based on frequency-dependent parameters, with the consequence that its accuracy is confined to high-frequency and low-current conditions [41].…”

Section: Grounding System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To facilitate their simulation, they assume that the grounding system is a nonlinear resistance rod and that soil ionization is the only effective parameter for grounding protection. The impact of a modified wind turbine grounding system in a wind farm with ten wind turbines was studied in [30] in order to examine the reduction of backflow current overvoltages, GPR and the limitation of surge arrester burnout. As the main objective in the design of a grounding system for a wind farm is to prevent step and touch voltages from exceeding the maximum allowable limits and these two parameters are affected by different Short-Circuit Calculation (SCC) procedures [31], compares three of these to not only calculate the response of the grounding system, but also check the violation of safety limits for step and touch voltages [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the High Frequency Behavior of the Modified Grounding Scheme in Wind Farms

et al. 2017

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Wind generators are exposed to numerous destructive forces such as lightning and are therefore vulnerable to these phenomena. To evaluate the transient behavior of a wind power plant during direct and indirect strikes, modeling of all relevant components is required. Among the protective and control components of wind turbines, the grounding system is the most important element for protection against lightning strikes. This paper examines the impact of nonlinear soil ionization behavior and frequency dependency on a wind turbine in order to model a sufficient protection scheme to reduce overvoltage and make the system tolerable against transitions. The high frequency models of other equipment such as transformers, horizontal conductors, vertical rods, surge arresters and underground cables must also be taken into account to design the grounding system. Our Proposed Modified Grounding Scheme (PMGS) is to reduce the maximum transient overvoltages. We simulate the model in a restructured version of the Electromagnetic Transient Program (EMTP-RV) software to examine the effectiveness of the system. We then apply the simulated results to pair of turbines that are interconnected with a frequency-dependent cable. We carry out the simulation for direct and indirect lightning strikes. The results indicate that the MGS can lead to considerably more than a 50% reduction in transient voltages for lightning and thus leads to more reliable networks.

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“…It mainly depends on the energy absorbed by the arrester. Therefore, surge arrester absorbed energy is computed based on TACs field of the ATP/EMTP software as reported in and summarized in Appendix B. The selected arrester has an energy capability of 2000 kJ.…”

Section: Modeling Of Gis Components For Very Fast Transients Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of lightning overvoltage in gas insulated substations concerning ferromagnetic ring effect

Abd‐Elhady

Ibrahim

Mansour

2016

Int. Trans. Electr. Energ. Syst.

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Summary In this paper, the impact of surge arresters and ferromagnetic ring on the magnitude as well as the steepness of lightning overvoltages in gas insulated substation (GIS) are investigated. This investigation is carried out through modeling of a typical 380‐kV GIS using ATP/EMTP for very fast transient overvoltages. Two scenarios of lightning strikes, backflashover and shielding failure are considered. Also, the impact of ferromagnetic ring on the surge arrester performance is evaluated. The evaluation is carried out considering surge arresters located at entrance, and at transformer terminals of GIS. Finally, the effect of ferromagnetic ring parameters on the arresters performance is evaluated and discussed. The obtained results show that the presence of ferromagnetic ring can affect the rating selection of GIS surge arresters. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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High-frequency modeling of Zafarana wind farm and reduction of backflow current-overvoltages

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

A critical review of research trends for wind energy in Egypt: recent progress and promising opportunities

A critical review of research trends for wind energy in Egypt: recent progress and promising opportunities

Evaluating the High Frequency Behavior of the Modified Grounding Scheme in Wind Farms

Mitigation of lightning overvoltage in gas insulated substations concerning ferromagnetic ring effect

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