High Frequency of the Opioid Receptor µ-1 (OPRM1) A118G Polymorphism, an Opioid Drug Therapy Related Gene, in the Indonesian Population

Abstract

Background: The opioid receptor μ-1 (OPRM1) has become one of the most studied genes in pharmacogenetics, as this gene encodes the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), which plays a role in opioid drugs response, as well as in various disorders. One of its variants, A118G, which is found at a high frequency in the Asian population, has been associated with loss of sensitivity to and an increased requirement for analgesics in the treatment of pain, increased pain sensitivity, various types of substance dependencies, and the development of breast cancer. However, there are still limited reports about this gene polymorphism in the Indonesian population. Objective: The study aimed to determine the allele frequencies of the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism among the Indonesian population. Method: A cross-sectional study of 158 subjects, comprising 79 males and 79 females, was conducted among Indonesians, and genotype analysis was carried out by a modified allele-specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. Results: A frequency of 60.4% was found for the G allele among Indonesian samples, with a higher frequency being present in males (66.5%). The A allele was found at frequencies of 33.5% and 45.6% in males and females, respectively. A significant difference in allele frequency was found between males and females (p = 0.029, OR = 1.659, 95% CI [1.052–2.614]), while there was no significant difference in genotype frequencies between groups. Conclusion: A high prevalence of the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism was found in the Indonesian population, with the G allele frequency tending to be higher in males.

Analysis of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism A118g Gene Opioid Receptor Mu-1 (OPRM1) In Opioid Analgesic Patients in Indonesia

“…Based on this description, it can be concluded that this research is in line with the research of Puspitasari et al (2020) which also found that the frequency of the G allele in men was higher than in women. Although in this study, there was no significant difference in the frequency distribution of the SNP A118G allele of the OPRM1 gene based on the sex of the subject with a p value > 0.05 (p = 0.08), while Puspitasari et al getting male sex has a higher G allele frequency distribution with a P value <0.05 (p = 0.029).…”

“…Then genotype heterozygous mutant (AG) in 33.75% and homozygous mutant genotype (GG) in 38.75% of the total 80 subjects. Puspitasari et al (2020) shows that Indonesia, with the majority of subjects being Javanese, tends to have the highest 118G allele frequency (55.6-60.4%) among Asian countries, followed by ethnic Malays (53.1%). This also supports the theory that demographics may be a contributing factor, given that Malaysia may have the closest demographic and ethnic characteristics to Indonesia.…”

“…of a total of 80 alleles. Puspitasari et al (2020) found out that 33.5% of 118A alleles were obtained for men and 66.5% of 118G alleles from a total of 158 alleles, while in women the 118A allele was 45.6% and the 118G allele was 54.4% of the total 158 alleles.…”

“…Various non-genetic factors have an impact on the patient's pain sensitivity such as: age, gender, anxiety, liver and kidney function, type of surgery and preoperative pain. Advances in genetic research indicate that genetic polymorphisms contribute to patient variability in response to opioid treatment (Taqi et al, 2019) (Puspitasari et al, 2020).…”

Allele frequency and genotype distribution of the opioid receptor μ-1 (OPRM1) A118G polymorphism in the Western Saudi population

“…Conversely, an investigation conducted in Indonesia demonstrated an elevated G allele frequency in males (Puspitasari et al, 2020). The polymorphism showed no significant gender differences in populations from China and the United Kingdom (Bunten et al, 2011;Ding et al, 2013).…”